Publications by authors named "A C Mallia"
: Diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes (T2D), is linked with an increased risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD). The present study aimed to evaluate potential circulating biomarkers of CHD by adopting a targeted proteomic approach based on proximity extension assays (PEA). : The study was based on 30 patients with both T2D and CHD (group DC), 30 patients with T2D without CHD (group DN) and 29 patients without diabetes but with a diagnosis of CHD (group NC).
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- * The diagnosis was complicated by the patient’s history of breast cancer, but radionuclide imaging indicated uptake of DOTATATE in the lung nodules, supporting the rare diagnosis of DIPNECH.
- * Treatment included oral steroids with no improvement, followed by octreotide, which significantly relieved her symptoms; the case highlights the importance of recognizing DIPNECH among common respiratory conditions for timely diagnosis and management.
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- Valvular disease affects many people worldwide and is linked to pulmonary venous hypertension, which disrupts gas exchange.
- A study involving 44 patients (36 needing aortic valve replacement, 8 requiring a second surgery) and 10 healthy controls found that those with recurrent surgery had higher levels of immature surfactant protein B (proSP-B).
- The findings suggest that proSP-B could be a useful marker for assessing damage to the alveolar-capillary membrane in patients with valvular heart disease.
Article Synopsis
- Atherosclerosis involves lipid buildup and plaque formation in arteries, significantly driven by oxidative modifications of low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL).
- Ox-LDL contributes to inflammation, foam-cell formation, and smooth muscle cell issues, with LOX-1 being a key receptor that exacerbates these effects and promotes plaque development.
- The relationship between LOX-1 activation and atherosclerosis is complex, and more research is needed to see if targeting LOX-1 could help in preventing or treating atherosclerosis.
In this review, we describe the structure and function of the alveolar-capillary membrane and the identification of a novel potential marker of its integrity in the context of heart failure (HF). The alveolar-capillary membrane is indeed a crucial structure for the maintenance of the lung parenchyma gas exchange capacity, and the occurrence of pathological conditions determining lung fluids accumulation, such as HF, might significantly impair lung diffusion capacity altering the alveolar-capillary membrane protective functions. In the years, we found that the presence of immature forms of the surfactant protein-type B (proSP-B) in the circulation reflects alterations in the alveolar-capillary membrane integrity.
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