Xenopus embryos are covered with a complex epithelium containing numerous multiciliated cells (MCCs). During late-stage development, there is a dramatic remodeling of the epithelium that involves the complete loss of MCCs. Cell extrusion is a well-characterized process for driving cell loss while maintaining epithelial barrier function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe skin of embryos contains numerous multiciliated cells (MCCs), which collectively generate a directed fluid flow across the epithelial surface essential for distributing the overlaying mucous. MCCs develop into highly specialized cells to generate this flow, containing approximately 150 evenly spaced centrioles that give rise to motile cilia. MCC-driven fluid flow can be impaired when ciliary dysfunction occurs, resulting in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) in humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: embryos are covered with a complex epithelium containing numerous multiciliated cells (MCCs). During late stage development there is a dramatic remodeling of the epithelium that involves the complete loss of MCCs. Cell extrusion is a well-characterized process for driving cell loss while maintaining epithelial barrier function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR) has been proposed to read-out central sensitization (CS). Replicating a published study, it was assessed if the NWR magnitude reflects sensitization by painful heat. Additionally, NWR response rates were compared for two stimulation, the sural nerve at the lateral malleolus (SU) and the medial plantar nerve on the foot sole (MP), and three recording sites, biceps femoris (BF), rectus femoris (RF), and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles.
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