Preoperative smoking cessation interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Smoking is the leading single cause of preventable death in England and also increases the risk of postoperative complications. The preoperative period is a potential opportunity to introduce smoking cessation interventions to smokers to reduce the risk of postoperative complications. A systematic search was conducted to find all studies that investigated the effectiveness of preoperative smoking cessation interventions.

Building trusting relationships in teams to support evidence use and implementation in human services: feasibility and acceptability of a training and coaching approach.

Background: Professionals who provide implementation support in human service systems describe relationships as being critical to support evidence use; however, developing trusting relationships are not strongly featured in implementation science literature. The aims of this study were to (a) assess the feasibility and acceptability of a theory-driven training and coaching approach for building trusting relationships among members of an implementation team who were supporting the implementation of an evidence-informed program in a public child welfare system in the United States and (b) gauge the initial efficacy of the approach in terms of the development of trusting relationships and subsequent implementation outcomes.

Methods: Consistent with a convergent mixed-methods approach, we collected both quantitative and qualitative data to address our research questions.

Equitable and effective clinical guidance development and dissemination: trauma aims to lead the way.

Thirty-four per cent of deaths among Americans aged 1-46 are due to injury, and many of these deaths could be prevented if all hospitals performed as well as the highest-performing hospitals. The Institute of Medicine and the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine have called for learning health systems, with emphasis on clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) as a means of limiting preventable deaths. Reduction in mortality has been demonstrated when evidence-based trauma CPGs are adhered to; however, guidelines are variably updated, redundant, absent, inaccessible, or perceived as irrelevant.