Larotrectinib for Newly Diagnosed Infantile Fibrosarcoma and Other Pediatric Fusion-Positive Solid Tumors (Children's Oncology Group ADVL1823).

Purpose: The TRK inhibitor larotrectinib is US Food and Drug Administration approved for fusion-positive solid tumors that lack a satisfactory alternative or have progressed after treatment but has not been systematically studied as a frontline therapy with a defined duration of treatment. ADVL1823 evaluated larotrectinib in patients with newly diagnosed fusion-positive solid tumors with response-adapted duration of therapy and local control.

Methods: Patients received larotrectinib twice daily in 28-day cycles for a predefined duration of treatment, ranging from 6 to 26 cycles depending on response to therapy and surgical resectability.

The Impact and Interactions of Race and Gender on Healthcare Use and Spending Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Background & Aims: Studies examining the effects of social determinants of health on healthcare use in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are scarce. We aimed to assess healthcare spending among different racial/ethnic groups and genders in adults with IBS.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of adults diagnosed with IBS between 2016-2021 using Optum's de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database .

"Don't push!" experiences of obstetric violence in U.S. hospital settings.

Obstetric violence is the institutional and interpersonal violation of women's rights during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. Amid increasing recognition of the prevalence and consequences of obstetric violence, there has been growing attention to its cultural, organizational, and institutional features. In this article, I demonstrate how obstetric violence is a form of epistemic and structural violence that unfolds through interpersonal interactions, the organization of labor in medicalized birth, and institutional features of the hospital and obstetric environment.

Experiences of discrimination are associated with microbiome and transcriptome alterations in the gut.

Background: Discrimination is a recognized psychosocial stressor that has been linked to various negative health outcomes. This study explored the impact of discrimination on gut health, specifically focusing on microbiome changes, predicted metagenomic differences, transcriptomic profiles, and the potential for using a multi-omic approach to predict discrimination to identify discrimination status for an individual. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive investigation involving male and premenopausal female participants, using the Everyday Discrimination Scale to classify them into either high or low discrimination.

The implementation of molecular tumor profiling in the practice of pediatric cancer pathology: The pathologists' experience.

Background: The increased accessibility and utilization of molecular testing including next-generation sequencing (NGS) has impacted the practice of pediatric pathology, with diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications for our patients. This survey is the first to describe the utilization of molecular testing in the routine practice of pediatric pathology for the care of children with known or suspected solid tumors.

Procedure: The Society for Pediatric Pathology Practice Committee distributed a survey to our membership asking 25 questions about training, practice setting, molecular ordering practices, and barriers to testing.