Frequency of consumption and factors associated with hookah use in Curitiba, Brazil: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To analyze the consumption frequency and factors associated with hookah usage.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved adults, hookah users, residing in the city of Curitiba. Hookah groups were contacted on social networking sites via an invitation that contained a link to the questionnaire, which comprised 21 questions covering demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, user profiles, use of cigarettes and alcohol, symptoms, and perceptions of the risks of hookah use.

Polymorphisms in nanog are associated with oral leukoplakia: case-control study.

To investigate the association of NANOG polymorphisms with oral leukoplakia. In this case-control study, 68 cases of oral leukoplakia, and 21 of normal oral mucosa (control) were submitted to genotyping of tagSNPs polymorphisms: rs877716 and rs10845877 in NANOG, through real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Pearson's chi-squared and Fisher's exact statistical tests were used, with a significance of 5%.

Analysis of genetic polymorphism and expression of SOX2 in oral leukoplakia: a case-control study.

Purpose: To investigate the association of SOX2 polymorphisms with oral leukoplakia with dysplasia (OLD) and compare it with the immunohistochemical expression of SOX-2.

Methods: The samples comprised 64 patients with oral leukoplakia and 20 with normal oral mucosa who were subjected to SOX2 polymorphism rs77677339 genotyping by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry for SOX-2 (basal epithelium expression, suprabasal and total; nuclear area and intensity). Statistical tests included the Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests.

Network meta-analysis examining efficacy of components of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia.

Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBTI) is recommended as first-line treatment for insomnia. CBT-I is a multi-component intervention comprising psychoeducation, sleep restriction, stimulus control, cognitive, and relaxation therapy. The relative efficacy of its components has yet to be investigated with state-of-the-art meta-analytic methods.