Utility of the Ratio Between the Size of the Right Atrium and the Right Ventricle at End-Systole to Diagnose Atrial Secondary Tricuspid Regurgitation.

Background: In the multiparametric framework for diagnosing atrial secondary tricuspid regurgitation (A-STR), an end-systolic (ES) right atrial (RA)-to-right ventricular (RV) volume or area ratio ≥1.5 supports the diagnosis of A-STR over the ventricular secondary tricuspid regurgitation phenotype (V-STR). However, this threshold value has never been tested.

Acid-sensing ion channel blocker diminazene facilitates proton-induced excitation of afferent nerves in a similar manner that Na/H exchanger blockers do.

Tissue acidification causes sustained activation of primary nociceptors, which causes pain. In mammals, acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are the primary acid sensors; however, Na/H exchangers (NHEs) and TRPV1 receptors also contribute to tissue acidification sensing. ASICs, NHEs, and TRPV1 receptors are found to be expressed in nociceptive nerve fibers.

Frequency Selective Surface for Ultra-Wide Band Filtering and Shielding.

A frequency selective surface for spatial filtering in the standardized Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) frequency range is proposed. A very large stop-band of 1.75-15.

Methods of Measuring Mitochondrial Potassium Channels: A Critical Assessment.

In this paper, the techniques used to study the function of mitochondrial potassium channels are critically reviewed. The majority of these techniques have been known for many years as a result of research on plasma membrane ion channels. Hence, in this review, we focus on the critical evaluation of techniques used in the studies of mitochondrial potassium channels, describing their advantages and limitations.

Properties of electrode-supported lipid cubic mesophase films with embedded gramicidin A: structure and ion-transport studies.

The lipid cubic phase (LCP) is a nanomaterial composed of water channels surrounded by lipid bilayers. LCPs are stable at room temperature and are biocompatible. These features make the lipid cubic phases similar to biological membranes, and hence, are favorable for embedding membrane proteins.