Challenges of equitable access to device-aided therapies for advanced Parkinson's Disease in Poland - expert consensus and treatment recommendations.

Introduction: In Poland, not all forms of device-aided therapies for advanced Parkinson's Disease (APD) are currently available.

Material And Methods: We aimed to produce a consensus recommendation from Polish movement disorders experts after discussing gaps in the APD care pathway in Poland.

Results: Rescue therapy with apomorphine (APO) PEN injection and levodopa-entacapone-carbidopa intestinal gel infusion are not included in Poland's Specialist Therapeutic Programme, and are thus not reimbursed.

Machine learning approach for ambient-light-corrected parameters and the Pupil Reactivity (PuRe) score in smartphone-based pupillometry.

Introduction: The pupillary light reflex (PLR) is the constriction of the pupil in response to light. The PLR in response to a pulse of light follows a complex waveform that can be characterized by several parameters. It is a sensitive marker of acute neurological deterioration, but is also sensitive to the background illumination in the environment in which it is measured.

Overlapping stimulation of subthalamic nucleus and dentato-rubro-thalamic tract in Parkinson's disease after deep brain stimulation.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) reduces tremor, rigidity, and akinesia. According to the literature, the dentato-rubro-thalamic tract (DRTt) is verified target for DBS in essential tremor; however, its role in the treatment of Parkinson's disease is only vaguely described. The aim of our study was to identify the relationship between symptom alleviation in PD patients and the distance of the DBS electrode electric field (EF) to the DRTt.

To know or not to know? Opinions of patients with Parkinson's Disease on disclosing risk of phenoconversion in RBD.

Introduction: The aim of our study was to find out the opinion of patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD) whose disease was preceded by REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) regarding early information about the high risk of phenoconversion in RBD.

Clinical Rationale For The Study: RBD is an early clinical manifestation of α-synucleinopathies with a more than 90% risk of phenoconversion to PD, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) or multiple system atrophy (MSA). It remains a subject for debate as to whether and how RBD patients should be informed about the high risk of phenoconversion.

The eccentric mechanotransduction, neuro-muscular transmission, and structural reversibility of muscle fatty infiltration. An experimental advanced disuse muscle-wasting model of rabbit supraspinatus.

Introduction: Full-thickness rotator cuff tear is present in almost 50% of patients over age 65 years, and its degree is known to be a good predictor of the severity of muscle-wasting (MW) sarcopaenia, also known as fatty degeneration (FD). A FD CT grade > 2° is recognized as a borderline of its reversibility. A disuse model of supraspinatus FD (grade 2) in rabbits provides clinically relevant data.