Background: Despite growing clinical use of left bundle branch pacing (LBBP), data regarding the fundamentals of this pacing modality, including chronaxie and rheobase, are scarce.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to calculate strength-duration curves with chronaxie and rheobase values for LBBP and left ventricular septal pacing (LVSP), and to analyze battery current drain and presence of selective LBBP at very short pulse duration (PD).
Methods: A group of 141 patients with permanent LBBP were studied.
Background: The impact of left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) on right ventricular (RV) function and tricuspid regurgitation (TR) remains unclear.
Objective: We aimed to assess the long-term effects of LBBAP on RV performance and on TR.
Methods: RV function was evaluated using RV free wall strain, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, fractional area changing, and systolic velocity of the lateral tricuspid annulus.
Background: Numerous studies based on assessment of lithium clearance demonstrated higher sodium reabsorption in renal proximal tubules in individuals with hypertension, overweight, obesity, metabolic syndrome, or diabetes.
Aims: We aimed to assess the influence of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) or angiotensin-II-receptor antagonists (ARB) treatment on sodium handling.
Methods: In a sample of 351Caucasian subjects without diuretic treatment with prevailing sodium consumption, we studied associations between renal sodium reabsorption in proximal (FPRNa) and distal (FDRNa) tubules assessed by endogenous lithium clearance and daily sodium intake measured by 24-hour excretion of sodium (UNaV), in the context of obesity and long-term treatment with ACE-I or ARB.
Students struggle to regulate their learning during independent study sessions. In this study, we ask whether an online behavioral intervention helped introductory students decrease distraction while studying. The intervention consisted of exam 1 reflection, exam 2 planning, and exam 2 reflection exercises.
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