On the capillary pressure function in porous media based on relative permeabilities of two immiscible fluids: Application of capillary bundle models and validation using experimental data.

The objective of the current paper is to extend the theoretical approach and an analytical solution, which was proposed by Babchin and Faybishenko (2014), for the evaluation of a capillary pressure (Pc) curve in porous media based on the apparent specific surface area, using an explicit combination of the relative permeability functions for the wetting and nonwetting phases. Specifically, in the current paper, the authors extended this approach by the application of two types of capillary bundle models with different formulations of effective capillary radius formulae. The application of the new models allowed the authors to improve the results of calculations of the effective average contact angle given in the paper by Babchin and Faybishenko (2014).

Osmotic repulsion force due to adsorbed surfactants.

When considering interaction forces in surfactant-stabilized colloidal dispersions a factor that has been rarely discussed is the possible effect of osmotic force due to overlapping adsorbed surfactant monolayers. In the present work, the osmotic repulsion force is built-in on the basis of DLVO mechanics and based on Fischer's consideration of the analogous situation for adsorbed polymer layers on solid surfaces [E.W.

Osmotic phenomena in application for hyperbaric oxygen treatment.

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment defines the medical procedure when the patient inhales pure oxygen at elevated pressure conditions. Many diseases and all injuries are associated with a lack of oxygen in tissues, known as hypoxia. HBO provides an effective method for fast oxygen delivery in medical practice.

Fingering instability in immiscible displacement.

Departing from the classical Buckley-Leverett theory for two-phase immiscible flows in porous media, a reduced evolution equation for the water-oil displacement front is formulated and studied numerically. The reduced model successfully reproduces the basic features of the finger-forming dynamics observed in recent direct numerical simulations.

[Pathogenesis of traumatic subdural hydroma].

Pathogenetic factors leading to the formation of traumatic subdural hygromas (TSH) are identified from analysis of the results of complex examination of 156 patients. Comparative biochemical tests of CSF, blood serum and the hygroma fluid in 15 patients showed the hygroma to contain CSF. The formation of TSH was always a consequence of brain contusion, usually of a severe degree, and rupture of the basal CSF cisterns.