Andy. A boy who thought he needed to be a girl.

In presenting the case of Andy, I hope to demonstrate the complicated multi-determined functions of feminine identifications and strivings in a boy with a diagnosable gender identity disorder. My patient's fantasies of wishing and needing to be a girl were not just the result of the influence of parental behavior and attitudes. Equipmental problems resulting from inborn factors and interferences with optimal development due to ongoing interaction with his environment were major contributing influences.

The psychoanalytic treatment of a child with deviational development.

This paper presents the analysis of Peter, a five-year-old boy with compromised ego functions including difficulties in maintaining stable internalized object representations. Despite these serious problems, which are often seen as contraindicating analysis, a predominantly traditional psychoanalytic position emphasizing dynamic interpretations was utilized. Detailed clinical material is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in facilitating therapeutic changes in Peter.

Identification and its vicissitudes as observed in adolescence: object loss and identification.

This paper presents clinical material from the analysis of a late adolescent whose father died when he was just 9 years old. It emphasizes the impact of his father's death upon subsequent identifications. It was through a reactivation of certain critical issues in the transference that the patient was enabled to mourn the loss of his father and to achieve a wider and more mature range of selective identifications.