Recommendations for good practice in ultrasound: oocyte pick up.

Study Question: What is good practice in ultrasound (US), and more specifically during the different stages of transvaginal oocyte retrieval, based on evidence in the literature and expert opinion on US practice in ART?

Summary Answer: This document provides good practice recommendations covering technical aspects of US-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval (oocyte pick up: OPU) formulated by a group of experts after considering the published data, and including the preparatory stage of OPU, the actual procedure and post-procedure care.

What Is Known Already: US-guided transvaginal OPU is a widely performed procedure, but standards for best practice are not available.

Study Design Size Duration: A working group (WG) collaborated on writing recommendations on the practical aspects of transvaginal OPU.

Infertility and surrogacy first mentioned on a 4000-year-old Assyrian clay tablet of marriage contract in Turkey.

Mankind has been expressing the breeding topic for thousands of years. Reproduction is the primary instinct of human beings and it is a social, cultural, medical issue. Demographic infertility is one of them, which is defined infertility as the inability to become pregnant with a live birth, within five years of regular sexual contact based upon a consistent union status in marriage maintaining a desire for a child with the lack of contraceptive use and non-lactating.

Serum Angiogenic and Anti-angiogenic Markers in Pregnant Women with Placenta Percreta.

Background: Placenta percreta is the morbidly adherent form of all the placental invasion abnormalities. The pathology that underlies placenta percreta is poorly understood.

Aims: To compare the levels of circulating vascular endothelial growth factor, placental growth factor and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 in pregnant women with placenta percreta to a control group.

Serum endothelin-1 and placental alkaline phosphatase levels in placenta percreta and normal pregnancies.

Purpose: To evaluate the circulatory levels of endothelin 1 (ET-1) and the placental alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in pregnant women with placenta percreta (PP) and a control group.

Methods: This study was carried out in the Obstetrics and Gynecology and in the Biochemistry Departments of Harran University Medical School. Forty-four women who underwent cesarean section (CS) due to PP and 44 women who underwent CS for other obstetric reasons were included in this study.

Does apoptotic activity have a role in the development of the placental abruption?

Objective: The purpose of the present study is to analyses the role of apoptotic activity in placental abruption (PA) development by evaluating the level of plasma M30-M65.

Methods: The study group included 46 pregnant women who underwent caesarean sections (CS) because of PA, and the control group included 48 pregnant women who underwent CS because of obstetric causes. Venous blood samples were received from all expectants before starting the CS for the purpose of evaluating the M30-M65 levels, which are indicators of apoptotic activity in maternal plasma.