Eosinophils are the dominant type2 marker for the current indication of biological treatment in severe uncontrolled chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

The latest European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS2020) defines markers for type2 inflammation in the context of indicating biological therapy in severe uncontrolled chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) as either a total serum immunoglobulin E (total-IgE) <100 kU/L, a blood eosinophil count (BEC, expressed as -109 cells / L) >=0.25, or a tissue eosinophil count >=10 per high power field (HPF) (1). Recently, an EPOS/EUFOREA expert panel advised to lower the threshold for BEC from >=0.

[Hypoxaemia during non-intubated adenotonsillectomy; more common in sitting or supine position?].

Objective: To investigate the incidence of hypoxaemia, bradycardia and post-operative bleeding in non-intubated Sluder method adenotonsillectomy patients in sitting versus supine position.

Design: Explorative study.

Method: A retrospective database was drawn up with data from all patients on whom a Sluder method non-intubated adenotonsillectomy was performed in a Dutch district general hospital between 01 January 2012 and 01 May 2018.

Novel roles for nasal epithelium in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Background: Airway epithelial cells have a well-accepted role in the regulation of local inflammatory processes in allergic and innate defence responses. However, their role the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is unclear. The objective was to investigate whether potential differences in the mRNA expression profile of nasal epithelia from healthy individuals and from CRSwNP patients would shed new light on disease mechanisms.

[A man with a swelling of the forehead].

A 39-year-old male was admitted to the emergency room with a swelling of the forehead. He had a fever since 5 days and increasing pain on his forehead. He was diagnosed with Pott's puffy tumour, a complication of sinusitis.

Stable benefits of bilateral over unilateral cochlear implantation after two years: A randomized controlled trial.

Objectives/hypothesis: To investigate hearing capabilities and self-reported benefits of simultaneous bilateral cochlear implantation (BiCI) compared with unilateral cochlear implantation (UCI) after a 2-year follow-up and to evaluate the learning effect of cochlear implantees over time.

Study Design: Multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Methods: Thirty-eight postlingually deafened adults were included in this study and randomly allocated to either UCI or simultaneous BiCI.