Antibiotic residues in pasteurised and Raw Cow's milk in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

This study aimed to investigate antibiotic residues such as oxytetracycline, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin and levofloxacin, in both pasteurised and raw cow's milk. A method using high-performance liquid chromatography with a UV detector (HPLC-UV) was developed and validated following International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines for simultaneous detection and quantification of these residues. The technique demonstrated linearity, with r values ranging from 0.

A comprehensive situation assessment of injection practices in primary health care hospitals in Bangladesh.

Background: Understanding injection practices is crucial for evidence-based development of intervention initiatives. This study explored the extent of injection use and injection safety practices in primary care hospitals in Bangladesh.

Methods: The study employed both quantitative and qualitative research methods.

Excessive use of avoidable therapeutic injections in the upazilla health complexes of Bangladesh.

Injection use problem in the hospitals of upazilla health complexes (UHCs) of Dhaka and Noakhali districts was studied through small group discussion with the health personnel of each the UHCs. The group discussion revealed that in the hospitals of UHCs of Dhaka, the antibiotic injections were used in 70% to 100% of the encounters in ARI/pneumonia. In dehydration, I.

In vitro testing of the leaf extracts of Lawsonia alba for antimicrobial properties.

Leaf extracts (chloroform, ethanol and aqueous extracts) of Lawsonia elba were tested in vitro for their antimicrobial activity against seventeen strains of pathogenic bacteria and twelve fungi including seven pathogenic strains. Each of the extract showed good activity against most of the strains tested. The sensitivity of the bacteria and fungi to the extracts was compared to that of ampicillin, tetracycline, co-trimoxazole and griseofulvin sensidiscs.

Antibacterial activity of clove extracts against phagogenic strains including clinically resistant isolates of Shigella and Vibrio cholerae.

Clove extracts (petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol extracts) were tested in vitro for their antibacterial activity against forty isolates of pathogenic bacteria including clinically resistant (resistant to ampicillin and nalidixic acid) strains of twenty-five Shigella and four Vibrio cholerae. All of the isolates except Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed promising sensitivity to the extracts.