Insights into Homogeneous Bulk Boron Doping at the Tetrahedral Site of NCM811 Cathode Materials: Structure Stabilization by Inductive Effect on TM-O-B Bonds.

Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are critical for enabling sustainable energy storage. The capacity of cathode materials is a major limiting factor in the LIB performance, and doping has emerged as an effective strategy for enhancing the electrochemical properties of nickel-rich layered oxides such as NCM811. In this study, boron is homogeneously incorporated into the tetrahedral site of NCM811 through co-precipitation, leading to an inductive effect on transition metal (TM)-O-B bonds that delayed structural collapse and reduced oxygen release.

The rate and spectrum of new mutations in mice inferred by long-read sequencing.

All forms of genetic variation originate from new mutations, making it crucial to understand their rates and mechanisms. Here, we use long-read sequencing from Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) to investigate de novo mutations that accumulated in 12 inbred mouse lines derived from three commonly used inbred strains (C3H, C57BL/6, and FVB) maintained for 8 to 15 generations in a mutation accumulation (MA) experiment. We built chromosome-level genome assemblies based on the MA line founders' genomes and then employed a combination of read and assembly-based methods to call the complete spectrum of new mutations.

Chain stretching in brushes favors sequence recognition for nucleobase-functionalized flexible precise oligomers.

Six different flexible stereocontrolled oligo(triazole-urethane)s substituted by precise sequences of nucleobases or analogs are synthesized. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the flexibility of the backbone leads to unspecific complexation of pairs of oligomers, irrespective of the complementarity of their sequences. This is ascribed to the existence of other interactions between pairs of oligomers, as well as to the spatial blurring of the sequence order encoded in the chemical structure of the chain due to its flexibility.

Variation in the Spectrum of New Mutations among Inbred Strains of Mice.

The mouse serves as a mammalian model for understanding the nature of variation from new mutations, a question that has both evolutionary and medical significance. Previous studies suggest that the rate of single-nucleotide mutations (SNMs) in mice is ∼50% of that in humans. However, information largely comes from studies involving the C57BL/6 strain, and there is little information from other mouse strains.