Updates in Cryptococcosis.

Cryptococcosis is an invasive fungal infection caused by yeasts of the genus Cryptococcus that causes a significant global burden of disease in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. Over the past several decades, diagnosis and management of cryptococcal disease have moved to focus on rapid, reliable, and cost-effective care delivery, with the advent of new antigen detection assays and novel antifungal treatment strategies.

Impact of androgen deprivation therapy in patients with unfavorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer receiving brachytherapy-based dose-escalated radiation therapy.

Purpose: While the benefit of short-term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has been established for patients with intermediate-risk (IR) prostate cancer (PCa) receiving dose-escalated external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), the role of ADT for patients treated with brachytherapy (BT) with or without supplemental EBRT (sEBRT) is less clear.

Material And Methods: We conducted a single-institution retrospective analysis of men with National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) unfavorable IR (UIR) PCa. All patients received BT with or without sEBRT, and were stratified by the receipt of 4-6 months of ADT.

Cross-shaped windows transformer with self-supervised pretraining for clinically significant prostate cancer detection in bi-parametric MRI.

Background: Bi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (bpMRI) has demonstrated promising results in prostate cancer (PCa) detection. Vision transformers have achieved competitive performance compared to convolutional neural network (CNN) in deep learning, but they need abundant annotated data for training. Self-supervised learning can effectively leverage unlabeled data to extract useful semantic representations without annotation and its associated costs.