Comparison of genome architecture at two stages of male germline cell differentiation in Drosophila.

Eukaryotic chromosomes are spatially segregated into topologically associating domains (TADs). Some TADs are attached to the nuclear lamina (NL) through lamina-associated domains (LADs). Here, we identified LADs and TADs at two stages of Drosophila spermatogenesis - in bamΔ86 mutant testes which is the commonly used model of spermatogonia (SpG) and in larval testes mainly filled with spermatocytes (SpCs).

Sensitivity of cohesin-chromatin association to high-salt treatment corroborates non-topological mode of loop extrusion.

Cohesin is a key organizer of chromatin folding in eukaryotic cells. The two main activities of this ring-shaped protein complex are the maintenance of sister chromatid cohesion and the establishment of long-range DNA-DNA interactions through the process of loop extrusion. Although the basic principles of both cohesion and loop extrusion have been described, we still do not understand several crucial mechanistic details.

FACS-based isolation of fixed mouse neuronal nuclei for ATAC-seq and Hi-C.

The organization of chromatin structure plays a crucial role in gene expression, DNA replication, and repair. Chromatin alterations influence gene expression, and modifications could be associated with genomic instability in the cells during aging or diseases. Here, we provide a modified protocol to isolate fixed neuronal nuclei from a single mouse cortex to investigate the spatial organization of chromatin structure on a genome-wide scale by ATAC-seq (the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing) and chromatin conformation by Hi-C (high-throughput chromosome conformation capture).

Aging and pathological aging signatures of the brain: through the focusing lens of SIRT6.

Brain-specific SIRT6-KO mice present increased DNA damage, learning impairments, and neurodegenerative phenotypes, placing SIRT6 as a key protein in preventing neurodegeneration. In the aging brain, SIRT6 levels/activity decline, which is accentuated in Alzheimer's patients. To understand SIRT6 roles in transcript pattern changes, we analyzed transcriptomes of young WT, old WT and young SIRT6-KO mice brains, and found changes in gene expression related to healthy and pathological aging.

[Extracellular resistance of Yersinia pestis to phagocytosis].

The authors were the first to perform stimulation of parasitizing condition of plague bacilli in mammalian bloodstream by addition of adequate quantity of glucose and calcium ions into the routine bacteriological medium, as well as growing the plague agent in RPMI-1640, isotonic to the serum of man and mammals susceptible to plague. Comparison of proliferative, phenotypic, and biochemical properties of fully virulent and vaccine Y. pestis strains demonstrated the advantages of RPMI-1640 medium, which provided extensive in vitro multiplication of the mentioned microorganisms similar to the bacterioemic stage of plague.