Publications by authors named "A B Bull"
Bone remodeling simulation using spatial influence function in macroscopic cube case.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol
November 2024
Bone has the capability to adapt its density in response to mechanical stimuli through a process known as bone remodeling, which has been simulated using various algorithms in several studies, with Strain Energy Density (SED) being a commonly used driving parameter. A spatial influence function has been introduced in addition to the remodeling algorithm, which accounts for the influence of neighboring regions on local mechanical stimuli, thereby reducing artificial mesh dependency and mimicking cellular communication in bone. However, no study has implemented the SED-driven algorithm with spatial influence function on a macroscopic 3D bone structure, and there is no physiological explanation on the value used in remodeling parameter.
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- The stretch reflex is a key part of movement, involving muscle spindles that detect tension changes and trigger muscle contractions via nerve signals in the spinal cord.
- Researchers have discovered a unique type of macrophage in muscle spindles that can produce and release glutamate, enhancing communication between sensory neurons and muscles.
- Silencing these macrophages disrupts the stretch reflex and affects locomotion in mice, suggesting that they play a crucial role in sensory feedback and movement regulation, with potential implications for new treatments in movement disorders.
Background: Direct skeletal fixation, a surgical technique enabling the attachment of an external prosthesis directly to the bone through a percutaneous implant, offers an enticing solution for patients with lower limb amputations facing socket-related issues. However, understanding of its impact on musculoskeletal function remains limited.
Methods: This study compares pre- and 1-year post-osseointegration surgery outcomes, focusing on patient-reported measures and musculoskeletal system function during level-ground walking.
Introduction: Dismounted blast has the potential to cause life-threatening injuries to multiple simultaneous casualties, including injury to the cervical spine (c-spine). Spinal immobilisation can be costly in terms of time and personnel required to apply and sustain it. C-spine 'clearing' tools frequently do not apply to the blast-injured casualty, so clinical judgement must be used to determine those requiring c-spine immobilisation.
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- The study analyzed central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) in adult ICUs in Victoria, Australia, over 11 years, focusing on incidence rates, pathogens, and antimicrobial resistance.
- A total of 608 CLABSI events were reported, showing a significant decline in incidence from 1.39 to 0.70 per 1,000 central-line days, while the most common pathogen identified was coagulase-negative Staphylococci, with a 69.0% increase in infections caused by this organism.
- Despite the overall decrease in CLABSI, the study noted a stable trend in antimicrobial resistance rates, with a decrease in MRSA and increases in vancomycin and ceftriaxone-resistant pathogens,