Toll-like receptor 9 signaling after myocardial infarction: Role of p66ShcA adaptor protein.

During myocardial infarction, cellular debris is released, causing a sterile inflammation via pattern recognition receptors. These reactions amplify damage and promotes secondary heart failure. The pattern recognition receptor, Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) detects immunogenic fragments of endogenous DNA, inducing inflammation by NFκB.

Inhibiting nucleolin reduces inflammation induced by mitochondrial DNA in cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia and reoxygenation.

Background And Purpose: Cellular debris causes sterile inflammation after myocardial infarction. Mitochondria constitute about 30 percent of the human heart. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a damage-associated-molecular-pattern that induce injurious sterile inflammation.

Release of Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA During On-Pump Heart Surgery: Kinetics and Relation to Extracellular Vesicles.

During heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), the release of mitochondrial (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA (nDNA) and their association to extracellular vesicles were investigated. In patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG, n = 12), blood was sampled before, during, and after surgery from peripheral artery, pulmonary artery, and the coronary sinus. Plasma was separated in three fractions: microvesicles, exosomes, and supernatant.

Prevalence and associated risk factors of violence against conflict-affected female adolescents: a multi-country, cross-sectional study.

Background: Over half of displaced civilians in humanitarian emergencies are children, and these settings pose unique threats to children's safety with long-lasting consequences. Our study broadens the limited evidence on violence against adolescent girls in emergencies by estimating prevalence and predictors of violence among adolescent girls aged 13-14 in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and aged 13-19 in refugee camps in the Benishangul-Gumuz region of Ethiopia.

Methods: Survey data were collected from a sample of 1296 adolescent girls using Computer-Assisted Personal Interview and Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interview programming.

Connective tissue growth factor and bone morphogenetic protein 2 are induced following myocardial ischemia in mice and humans.

We aimed to study the cardiac expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2, its receptor 1 b, and connective tissue growth factor, factors implicated in cardiac embryogenesis, following ischemia/hypoxia, heart failure, and in remodeling hearts from humans and mice. Biopsies from the left ventricle of patients with end-stage heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy or coronary artery disease were compared with donor hearts and biopsies from patients with normal heart function undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Mouse model of post-infarction remodeling was made by permanent ligation of the left coronary artery.