Facial features of cartoon characters and their perceived attributes.

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between skeletal antero-posterior profile of popular family cartoon characters and their perceived personal characteristics. The Internet Movie DataBase (IMDB) was used to identify popular animated family movies released since 2000. Cartoon characters were identified, and classified based on their gender (male/female), skeletal profile (Class I, II or III) and character assessment (protagonist/antagonist).

Forward-backward translation, content validity, face validity, construct validity, criterion validity, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency of a questionnaire on patient acceptance of orthodontic retainer.

This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of a questionnaire on patient acceptance of orthodontic retainers. The original questionnaire was forward- and backward-translated, followed by four validity tests (content validity, face validity, construct validity, criterion validity) and two reliability tests (test-retest reliability, internal consistency). Content validity was assessed by nine orthodontists who appraised the questionnaire's representativeness, relevance, clarity, and necessity.

Effects of l-carnitine on frailty status in patients with liver cirrhosis: A randomized-controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Frailty is a common complication in patients with liver cirrhosis, which is linked with augmented rates of morbidity and mortality. In this regard, timely nutritional assessment and intervention have gained scientific attention. L-carnitine may be a promising candidate with its potential to enhance energy metabolism, reduce inflammation, and act as an antioxidant.

Risk perception regarding social determinants of health among women with breast cancer in Iran: a qualitative study.

Objectives: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women all around the world. Today, in addition to factors including hormones and genetics that are involved in the occurrence of breast cancer, special attention is paid to the role of social and non-medical determinants of health. This study aims to explore the perception of Social Determinants of Health (SDH) in women with breast cancer.

Impact of sarcopenia on clinical outcomes in pediatric chronic liver disease post-liver transplantation: prevalence and implications.

Aim: The purpose of this retrospective single-center study was to determine the frequency of sarcopenia and its association with mortality and other morbidities in children with chronic liver disease who had undergone liver transplantation.

Background: Sarcopenia, a muscle-wasting syndrome, is common in patients with advanced liver disease and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. While sarcopenia in adults has been extensively studied, there is little information in this regard about children and adolescents with chronic liver diseases.