Ancient DNA reveals diverse community organizations in the 5th millennium BCE Carpathian Basin.

We present a comprehensive genetic investigation of Late Neolithic (LN) and Early Copper Age (ECA) populations living in the Carpathian Basin, leveraging whole genome data from 125 previously unreported individuals. Using population genetics, kinship analyses and the study of networks of identity-by-descent haplotype segment sharing, we elucidate the social and genetic dynamics of these communities between 4800-3900 cal BCE. Despite changes in settlement patterns, burial practices, and material culture, we document a high degree of genetic continuity.

Peripheral Nerve Stimulation Using High-Frequency Electromagnetic Coupling Technology to Power an Implanted Neurostimulator with a Separate Receiver at the Superior Cluneal Nerve for Treatment of Chronic Back Pain Due to Neuralgia: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Low back pain is a highly prevalent condition with substantial costs. Superior cluneal neuralgia is present in up to 14% of low back pain cases. This etiology of back pain is often overlooked because the symptoms of superior cluneal neuralgia manifest similarly to those of other conditions, such as radiculopathy and sacroiliac joint pain.

Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Captures the Structural Consequences of Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulation on Ribonucleic Acid Cargo.

Ribonucleic acids (RNAs) are becoming increasingly significant in our search for improved biotherapeutics. RNA-based treatments offer high specificity, targeted delivery, and potentially lower-cost options for various debilitating human diseases. Despite these benefits, there are still relatively few FDA-approved RNA-based therapies, with the notable exceptions being the mRNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccines, which are delivered using lipid nanoparticle (LNP) systems.

Diverse prehistoric cattle husbandry strategies in the forests of Central Europe.

During the sixth millennium BCE, the first farmers of Central Europe rapidly expanded across a varied mosaic of forested environments. Such environments would have offered important sources of mineral-rich animal feed and shelter, prompting the question: to what extent did early farmers exploit forests to raise their herds? Here, to resolve this, we have assembled multi-regional datasets, comprising bulk and compound-specific stable isotope values from zooarchaeological remains and pottery, and conducted cross-correlation analyses within a palaeo-environmental framework. Our findings reveal a diversity of pasturing strategies for cattle employed by early farmers, with a notable emphasis on intensive utilization of forests for grazing and seasonal foddering in some regions.