Virological and Immunological Outcomes of an Intensified Four-Drug versus a Standard Three-Drug Antiretroviral Regimen, Both Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor-Based, in Primary HIV Infection.

The optimal therapeutic approach for primary HIV infection (PHI) is still debated. We aimed to compare the viroimmunological response to a four- versus a three-drug regimen, both INSTI-based, in patients with PHI. This was a monocentric, prospective, observational study including all patients diagnosed with PHI from December 2014 to April 2018.

Association of Sofosbuvir and Daclatasvir Plasma Trough Concentrations with Patient-, Treatment-, and Disease-Related Factors Among HIV/HCV-Coinfected Persons.

Background: Sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir achieves high rates of sustained virologic response (SVR), with no differences according to HIV serostatus. However, only limited information is available on the pharmacokinetic variability of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify patient-, treatment-, and disease-related factors that are significantly associated with sofosbuvir and daclatasvir plasma trough concentrations (C), including liver and renal function, among HIV/HCV-coinfected persons.

Comparison of Demand for Drugs Used for COVID-19 Treatment and Other Drugs During the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy.

This cross-sectional study compares demand for drugs for treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between the period directly before the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy and the early period of the outbreak.

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected subjects.

Purpose: Low vitamin D levels are associated with higher odds of cognitive dysfunction in the older population, and in subjects with mental disorders or with chronic neurologic diseases. With combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), incidence of HIV-associated dementia has reduced, while the prevalence of milder forms of neurocognitive impairment (NCI) persisted stable over time. Hypovitaminosis D is often found in HIV infection but its association with NCI has not been investigated yet.

Randomized clinical trial on efficacy of fixed-dose efavirenz/tenofovir/emtricitabine on alternate days versus continuous treatment.

Objective: Antiretrovirals with long half-lives, such as tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) and efavirenz (EFV), are suitable for reduced frequency dosing, with potential for improved adherence and reduced toxicity and costs. The objective of this study was to investigate the noninferiority of the TDF/FTC/EFV fixed-dose combination on alternate-days versus standard regimen in virologically suppressed patients.

Design: A randomized-controlled open-label noninferiority trial enrolling HIV-1-infected patients treated for at least 6 months with TDF/FTC/EFV fixed-dose combination, virologically suppressed (<40 HIV-RNA copies/ml) with EFV plasma concentrations greater than 1000 ng/ml, were randomized to maintain TDF/FTC/EFV standard-of-care regimen (SOC, Arm A) or to switch to TDF/FTC/EFV on AlTernAte Days (ATAD, Arm B).