Comparative evaluation of funduscopy, PCR and serology in the diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis at ECWA Eye Hospital, Kano.

Objective: Ocular toxoplasmosis, caused by , is a significant cause of posterior uveitis and vision impairment globally. Accurate diagnosis is essential to prevent retinal damage and optimise treatment. This study aimed to compare three diagnostic methods funduscopy, serology (ELISA), and PCR in detecting ocular toxoplasmosis in patients at ECWA Eye Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.

Outcome and Determining Characteristics of ICU Patients with Acute Kidney Injury in a Low-Income Country, a Multicenter Experience.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a disease that affects millions of people globally making it a major public health concern. It is defined as an abrupt decrease in kidney function that occurs within ours affecting both the structure and functionality of the kidneys.The outcome of AKI and the determinants in Nigeria are largely unknown.

Prevalence and factors contributing to missed opportunities for vaccination in Mogadishu, Somalia.

Objectives: Vaccination is a critical public health intervention that significantly reduces morbidity and mortality from vaccine-preventable diseases. Despite the proven benefits of vaccines, missed opportunities for vaccination (MOVs) remain a significant challenge in many low-income countries, including Somalia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and identify the factors contributing to MOVs in Mogadishu, Somalia.

Charting the path to the implementation of universal health coverage policy in Nigeria through the lens of Delphi methodology.

Background: Expanding access to equitable health insurance is an important lever towards the overall strategy for achieving universal health coverage. In Nigeria, health insurance coverage is low with a renewed government action on increasing access to and coverage of high-quality healthcare services to citizens, particularly for the vulnerable and poor population. Therefore, our study co-creates the priorities for expanding health insurance in Nigeria, focusing on key policy reforms, public advocacy, and innovative financing strategies to ensure broader and more equitable coverage for the population.

C photosynthesis and hydraulics in grasses.

The anatomical reorganization required for C photosynthesis should also impact plant hydraulics. Most C plants possess large bundle sheath cells and high vein density, which should also lead to higher leaf capacitance and hydraulic conductance (K). Paradoxically, the C pathway reduces water demand and increases water use efficiency, creating a potential mismatch between supply capacity and demand in C plant water relations.