Selection of anionic exchange resins for removal of natural organic matter (NOM) fractions.

Early elimination of natural organic matter (NOM) by ion exchange (IEX) in water treatment is expected to improve subsequent water treatment processes and the final drinking water quality. Nine anionic exchange resins were investigated to remove NOM and specific NOM fractions determined by liquid chromatography in combination with organic carbon detection (LC-OCD) and fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (EEM). Breakthrough of NOM was predicted by model calculations using Freundlich isotherms and IEX rate experiments.

Determinants of patient adherence to consultative comprehensive geriatric assessment recommendations.

Background: In consultative models of Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA), lack of implementation of CGA recommendations is well documented and appears to be a potential explanation for negative findings. The purpose of this study is to identify patient determinants of adherence to recommendations received from a community-based CGA consultative model program.

Methods: Subjects (N = 139) received self-care and/or physician-initiated CGA recommendations and were interviewed three months later to determine adherence with the most important recommendation, and health belief, communication, and social support factors associated with adherence.

What influences physician practice behavior? An interview study of physicians who received consultative geriatric assessment recommendations.

Background: Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) in outpatient settings has not been shown to be as effective in reducing mortality and improving health as in hospital settings; this difference has been attributed in part to a lack of direct control over recommendation implementation.

Objective: To identify inhibiting and facilitating factors in physicians' compliance with consultative CGA recommendations, so that the effectiveness of outpatient CGA might be improved.

Methods: A 49-item questionnaire was administered via the telephone to 87 eligible community primary care physicians in Los Angeles, Calif, whose patients had received consultative outpatient CGAs as part of a study of CGA (response rate, 96%).

A walking program for nursing home residents: effects on walk endurance, physical activity, mobility, and quality of life.

Objectives: To determine the effects of a 12-week walking program on walk endurance capacity, physical activity level, mobility, and quality of life in ambulatory nursing home residents who had been identified as having low physical activity levels and low walk endurance capacities. To determine the effects of 12 versus 22 weeks of walk training on walk endurance capacity, physical activity level, mobility, and quality of life in ambulatory nursing home residents.

Design: Experiment 1: Residents of one nursing home campus were assigned to the walking program, and residents of a second campus were assigned to the social visit control group.

Teenagers willing to consider single parenthood: who is at greatest risk?

Data from the High School and Beyond panel study indicate that of 13,061 female high school sophomores who responded to both the baseline questionnaire in 1980 and a 1982 follow-up, 41 percent of blacks, 29 percent of Hispanics and 23 percent of non-Hispanic whites said they either would or might consider having a child outside of marriage. Such willingness was higher among young women who, according to their background characteristics, were at greater risk of teenage parenthood. In addition, young black women were more willing to consider having a child while single than were white or Hispanic respondents, at every level of risk.