Neural basis of limb ownership in individuals with body integrity identity disorder.

Our body feels like it is ours. However, individuals with body integrity identity disorder (BIID) lack this feeling of ownership for distinct limbs and desire amputation of perfectly healthy body parts. This extremely rare condition provides us with an opportunity to study the neural basis underlying the feeling of limb ownership, since these individuals have a feeling of disownership for a limb in the absence of apparent brain damage.

Characterization of polarity development through 2- and 3-D imaging during the initial phase of microspore embryogenesis in Brassica napus L.

Isolated microspores of B. napus in culture change their developmental pathway from gametophytic to sporophytic and form embryo-like structures (ELS) upon prolonged heat shock treatment (5 days at 32 °C). ELS express polarity during the initial days of endosporic development.

The prevalence of late-life mania: a review.

Objectives: Since there is a worldwide steady increase in the number of individuals living longer and an expected increase in the number of older adults who will be diagnosed with bipolar disorder, there is a growing need to better understand late-life mania. We provide in this review a report of published studies focusing on the prevalence of late-life mania in the community and in senior psychiatric care facilities.

Methods: We conducted a search of PubMed and Psychinfo databases using combinations of the keywords bipolar, manic/a, manic depression, elderly, and older including English-language reports presenting quantitative data on the prevalence of mania in adults over the age of 50 years.

Etomidate and seizure duration in electroconvulsive therapy: is there a dose-dependent relation?

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if there is a dose-dependent relation between etomidate and motor and electroencephalogram (EEG) seizure duration in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).

Methods: Seventy-four patients who received at least 3 ECT treatments with etomidate as an anesthetic were included. The association between seizure duration established by EEG and the cuff method, and etomidate dose (in mg/kg) was assessed retrospectively within individual patients, using mixed-effects model analysis with random intercept and random slope.

Histological examination of horse chestnut infection by Pseudomonas syringae pv. aesculi and non-destructive heat treatment to stop disease progression.

Since its emergence in Northwest Europe as a pathogen that infects trunks and branches of Aesculus spp. (the horse chestnuts) approximately one decade ago, Pseudomonas syringae pv. aesculi has rapidly established itself as major threat to these trees.