Frequency-specific changes in prefrontal activity associated with maladaptive belief updating in volatile environments in euthymic bipolar disorder.

Bipolar disorder (BD) involves altered reward processing and decision-making, with inconsistencies across studies. Here, we integrated hierarchical Bayesian modelling with magnetoencephalography (MEG) to characterise maladaptive belief updating in this condition. First, we determined if previously reported increased learning rates in BD stem from a heightened expectation of environmental changes.

Psychoemotional Disorders and Sleep Impairments in Patients with COVID-19.

To study the prevalence of anxious-depressive disorders and sleep impairments in their structure among patients hospitalized with the new coronavirus infections (COVID-19) and to develop differential guidelines for their treatment in COVID-19 patients. This report presents preliminary results from our own observations. We report here analysis of data from 119 patients (age 47-69 years, male and female) obtained at detailed interviews, including using telemedicine technologies, with evaluation on the following scales: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20) for subjective assessment of asthenia, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).

[COVID-19 effect on mental health and sleep disorders].

Purpose Of The Study: To study the prevalence of anxiety-depressive disorders and sleep disorders in their structure among patients hospitalized in connection with COVID-19, as well as to develop differentiated recommendations for their therapy in patients with new coronavirus infection.

Material And Methods: In this publication, the authors present preliminary results of their own observations of psychoemotional disorders and sleep disorders in their structure in patients with a new coronavirus infection. We analyzed the data of 119 patients (aged 47 to 69 years, male and female), conducted a detailed interview, including using telemedicine technologies, and assessed the scales: The hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), subjective the asthenia rating scale (MFI-20, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire.

[Sleep disorders in patients with cervical dystonia].

Aim: To clarify the structure of sleep disorders in cervical dystonia and assess their relationship with anxiety and depressive disorders, as well as the impact on quality of life.

Material And Methods: Twenty-five patients diagnosed with cervical dystonia (CD) were examined using neurological and psychometric methods (HADS, HAM-D, TAS, SCID-II, SF-36, PSQI). Polysomnographic study was performed using a Somnolab 2 system (Weinmann, Germany).

[Provisional ileostomy as a treatment of postoperative purulent peritonitis].

Early elimination of functional bowel obstruction in postoperative diffuse purulent peritonitis (PDPP) is an important factor determining the outcomes of the disease. Nasogastrointestinal drainage used for this purpose is capable to adequately aspirate small bowel contents from the segments located at a distance not farther than 80-100 cm. In the majority of patients with PDPP, lacking of vital capacity of bowel wall as well as insufficiency of previously laid sutures were revealed, which forced a surgeon to resort to resection; in such cases the method of choice for decompression should be the application of terminal ileostomy.