Exploring the relation between patent ductus arteriosus and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Insights from national inpatient sample.

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) poses a challenge in neonatal care. Previous literature recommended a hypothetical role for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in the development of BPD. This study explores the possible link between PDA and BPD, aiming to illuminate demographic and clinical factors influencing BPD development within the context of PDA.

Exploring medical educators' perspectives on teaching effectiveness and student learning.

Background: Medical education in resource-constrained settings such as Pakistan faces significant challenges, including large class sizes, limited resources, and reliance on traditional teacher-centered pedagogies. These factors hinder effective learning and fail to equip students with the critical thinking and practical skills essential for modern medical practice. Educators play a fundamental role in shaping student experiences but often struggle to adopt student-centred methodologies due to insufficient training, resource limitations, and institutional constraints.

Enhancing stroke risk stratification in atrial fibrillation through non-Newtonian blood modelling and Gaussian process emulation.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart arrhythmia, linked to a five-fold increase in stroke risk. The left atrial appendage (LAA), prone to blood stasis, is a common thrombus formation site in AF patients. The LAA can be classified into four morphologies: broccoli, cactus, chicken wing and windsock.

Antibiotic Resistance Dissemination and Mapping in the Environment Through Surveillance of Wastewater.

Antibiotic resistance is one of the major health threat for humans, animals, and the environment, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Global Antibiotic-Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS). In the last several years, wastewater/sewage has been identified as potential hotspots for the dissemination of antibiotic resistance and transfer of resistance genes. However, systematic approaches for mapping the antibiotic resistance situation in sewage are limited and underdeveloped.

Management of nonurgent common gastroenterology referrals using primary care clinical pathways: Clinical outcomes, health care use, and avoided costs.

Objective: To evaluate health system use, health outcomes, and avoided costs when patients with chronic gastrointestinal (GI) conditions are managed in the medical home.

Design: A retrospective, observational cohort study was conducted through a single-point-of-entry referral system.

Setting: Calgary, Alta.