Vaccination against measles-mumps-rubella and rates of non-targeted infectious disease hospitalisations: Nationwide register-based cohort studies in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden.

Objectives: To investigate if receipt of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine following the third dose of diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTaP3) is associated with reduced rates of non-targeted infectious disease hospitalisations.

Methods: Register based cohort study following 1,397,027 children born in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden until 2 years of age. Rates of infectious disease hospitalisations with minimum one overnight stay according to time-varying vaccination status were compared using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis with age as the underlying timescale and including multiple covariates.

Development of Real-Time Surveillance for Serious Adverse Events in a Pragmatic Clinical Trial Using National Registers in Finland.

Purpose: We developed a hybrid safety surveillance approach for a large, pragmatic clinical trial of a high-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV-HD), using both active and passive data collection methods. Here, we present the methods and results for the passive register-based surveillance of serious adverse events (SAEs), which replaced conventional SAE reporting during the trial.

Patients And Methods: The trial recruited over 33,000 older adults of whom 50% received the QIV-HD while the rest received a standard-dose vaccine (QIV-SD) as a control vaccine.

Indirect protection in adults ≥18 years of age from pediatric pneumococcal vaccination: a review.

Introduction: Infant immunization programs using pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have reduced the rates of pneumococcal disease through direct vaccine-induced protection in vaccinated children and through indirect protection in non-vaccinated children and adults.

Areas Covered: This review summarizes current evidence on the indirect protection of adults conferred by pediatric pneumococcal vaccination, including the impact on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence and mortality, pneumonia admissions, and nasopharyngeal carriage prevalence. Factors affecting indirect protection against IPD are also discussed.

Association between anti-capsular IgG levels at birth and risk of invasive group B streptococcus disease in Finnish newborns: a retrospective case-control study.

Background: Group B streptococcus is a major cause of neonatal disease. Natural history studies have linked maternally transferred anti-group B streptococcus capsular polysaccharide antibodies with protection against infant group B streptococcus disease. Previous studies of capsular polysaccharide antibody concentration in European populations have used maternal (not infant) sera and a non-standardised assay.

High-Dose Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine for Prevention of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Hospitalizations in Older Adults.

Background: We assessed the relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of high-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV-HD) versus standard-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV-SD) in preventing respiratory or cardiovascular hospitalizations in older adults.

Methods: FinFluHD was a phase 3b/4 modified double-blind, randomized pragmatic trial. Enrolment of 121,000 adults ≥65 years was planned over three influenza seasons (October to December 2019-2021).