Sulfated Polyhydroxysteroid Glycosides from the Sea of Okhotsk Starfish and Potential Mechanisms for Their Observed Anti-Cancer Activity against Several Types of Human Cancer Cells.

Three new monosulfated polyhydroxysteroid glycosides, spiculiferosides A (), B (), and C (), along with new related unsulfated monoglycoside, spiculiferoside D (), were isolated from an ethanolic extract of the starfish collected in the Sea of Okhotsk. Compounds - contain two carbohydrate moieties, one of which is attached to C-3 of the steroid tetracyclic core, whereas another is located at C-24 of the side chain of aglycon. Two glycosides (, ) are biosides, and one glycoside (), unlike them, includes three monosaccharide residues.

Rare Ophiuroid-Type Steroid 3β,21-, 3β,22-, and 3α,22-Disulfates from the Slime Sea Star and Their Colony-Inhibiting Effects against Human Breast Cancer Cells.

Two new steroid 3β,21-disulfates (, ) and two new steroid 3β,22- and 3α,22-disulfates (, ), along with the previously known monoamine alkaloid tryptamine () were found in the ethanolic extract of the Far Eastern slime sea star . Their structures were determined on the basis of detailed analysis of one-dimensional and two-dimensional NMR, HRESIMS, and HRESIMS/MS data. Compounds and have a Δ-21-sulfoxy-24-norcholestane side chain.

New Rare Triterpene Glycosides from Pacific Sun Star, , and Their Anticancer Activity.

Six previously unknown triterpene glycosides, pacificusosides L-Q (-), and two previously known triterpene glycosides, cucumariosides B () and A (), were isolated from an alcoholic extract of Pacific sun star, . The structures of - were determined using 1D and 2D NMR, ESIMS, and chemical modifications. Compound is a rare type of triterpene glycoside with non-holostane aglycon, having a linear trisaccharide carbohydrate chain.

Combined Radiomodifying Effect of Fucoidan from the Brown Alga and Pacificusoside D from the Starfish in the Model of 3D Melanoma Cells.

Cancer is one of the main causes of human mortality worldwide. Despite the advances in the diagnostics, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, the search for more effective treatment regimens and drug combinations are relevant. This work aimed to assess the radiomodifying effect and molecular mechanism of action of fucoidan from the brown alga (ScF) and product of its autohydrolysis (ScF_AH) in combination with pacificusoside D from the starfish (SpD) on the model of viability and invasion of three-dimension (3D) human melanoma cells SK-MEL-2.