Two-Year Progressive Cranial Changes Following the Melbourne Technique for Sagittal Craniosynostosis.

Objective: The Melbourne technique for total cranial vault remodeling aims to address all aspects of scaphocephaly in sagittal craniosynostosis. These features include anterior-posterior excessive length, anteriorly displaced vertex position, frontal bossing, vertex narrowing, and occipital bulleting. This study aimed to determine the progressive cranial changes that occur following the Melbourne technique for sagittal craniosynostosis.

Deep Learning-Based Assessment of Lip Symmetry for Patients With Repaired Cleft Lip.

Objective: Post-surgical lip symmetry assessment is a key indicator of cleft repair success. Traditional methods rely on distances between anatomical landmarks, which are impractical for video analysis and overlook texture and appearance. We propose an artificial intelligence (AI) approach to automate this process, analyzing lateral lip morphology for a quantitative symmetry evaluation.

Utility of Papilledema for Detection of Elevated Intracranial Pressure in Craniosynostosis.

Papilledema is swelling of the optic disk due to fluid accumulation around the optic nerve and is commonly used to detect increased intracranial (ICP) in craniosynostosis. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and utility of papilledema detection in patients with single-suture, multi-suture, and syndromic craniosynostosis and the differences before and after surgical intervention. A retrospective review of ophthalmology examinations of patients diagnosed with craniosynostosis treated between 2008 and 2023 was performed.

Evolution of interorganismal strigolactone biosynthesis in seed plants.

Strigolactones (SLs) are methylbutenolide molecules derived from β-carotene through an intermediate carlactonoic acid (CLA). Canonical SLs act as signals to microbes and plants, whereas noncanonical SLs are primarily plant hormones. The cytochrome P450 CYP722C catalyzes a critical step, converting CLA to canonical SLs in most angiosperms.

Promotion of Cardiovascular Health in Africa: The Alliance for Medical Research in Africa (AMedRA) Expert Panel.

This proposed scientific statement is focused on providing new insights regarding challenges and opportunities for cardiovascular health (CVH) promotion in Africa. The statement includes an overview of the current state of CVH in Africa, with a particular interest in the cardiometabolic risk factors and their evaluation through metrics. The statement also explains the main principles of primordial prevention, its relevance in reducing noncommunicable disease and the different strategies that have been effective worldwide.