Myeloid Cell Glucocorticoid, Not Mineralocorticoid Receptor Signaling, Contributes to Salt-Sensitive Hypertension in Humans via Cortisol.

Background: Salt sensitivity of blood pressure (SSBP) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, yet the etiology is poorly understood. We previously found that serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) regulate epithelial sodium channel (ENaC)-dependent sodium entry into monocyte-derived antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and activation of NADPH oxidase, leading to the formation of isolevuglandins (IsoLGs) in SSBP. Whereas aldosterone via the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activates SGK1 leading to hypertension, our past findings indicate that levels of plasma aldosterone do not correlate with SSBP, and there is little to no MR expression in APCs.

Renal Considerations in COVID-19: Biology, Pathology, and Pathophysiology.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged into a worldwide pandemic of epic proportion. Beyond pulmonary involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a significant subset of patients experiences acute kidney injury. Patients who die from severe disease most notably show diffuse acute tubular injury on postmortem examination with a possible contribution of focal macro- and microvascular thrombi.

Discrimination, religious and cultural factors, and Middle Eastern/Arab Americans' psychological distress.

Objective(s): We investigated (1) the moderating role of religiosity in the link between religious affiliation and ethnic discrimination and (2) the moderating roles of religiosity, ethnic identity, and family connectedness in the relations between ethnic discrimination and psychological distress.

Method: Our sample consisted of 122 (60% women, 40% men) Middle Eastern/Arab Americans (MEAAs), ranging in age from 18 to 82 years old, who completed an online survey.

Results: Muslim identification predicted discrimination for MEAAs with high but not low religiosity.

Tryptophan and Kynurenine Levels and Its Association With Sleep, Nonphysical Fatigue, and Depression in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients.

Objective: Sleep and mood disorders are common in hemodialysis (HD) patients and the pathophysiology is still unclear. Tryptophan (TRP) and its metabolites may play a prominent role in neural pathways related to sleep, fatigue, and depression. Here, we sought to compare the levels of TRP and its metabolites between HD patients and healthy subjects and examine their association with sleep, fatigue, and depression in HD patients.