Unmasking the chameleons: A benchmark for out-of-distribution detection in medical tabular data.

Background: Machine Learning (ML) models often struggle to generalize effectively to data that deviates from the training distribution. This raises significant concerns about the reliability of real-world healthcare systems encountering such inputs known as out-of-distribution (OOD) data. These concerns can be addressed by real-time detection of OOD inputs.

Ten Recommendations for the Next Clinical Trial of the Mediterranean Diet in Inflamm-Aging: Results & Insights from a Scoping Review.

Diet is a key modifiable risk factor in many chronic diseases, including age-related diseases. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is an extensively studied dietary pattern which has been proposed as a lifestyle intervention to promote healthy aging in the general population, due to its numerous health benefits. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have attempted to explore the mechanism(s) by which the MedDiet exerts its beneficial effects on aging.

Mechanisms underlying dilated cardiomyopathy associated with FKBP12 deficiency.

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a highly prevalent and genetically heterogeneous condition that results in decreased contractility and impaired cardiac function. The FK506-binding protein FKBP12 has been implicated in regulating the ryanodine receptor in skeletal muscle, but its role in cardiac muscle remains unclear. To define the effect of FKBP12 in cardiac function, we generated conditional mouse models of FKBP12 deficiency.

Multi-stage-mixing to create a core-then-shell structure improves DNA-loaded lipid nanoparticles' transfection by orders of magnitude.

The unprecedented success of mRNA-lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) has highlighted their power for protein expression, but the hours-long half-life of mRNA severely limits their use in chronic diseases. In contrast, DNA LNPs display months-long expression and genetically encode cell type specificity, but their use has been hindered by poor protein expression (orders of magnitude lower than mRNA LNPs). To overcome this, we introduce multi-stage mixing (MSM) microfluidics to control the internal structure of LNPs and use it to create core-then-shell (CTS) structured DNA LNPs.