Heterocycle-guided synthesis of -hetarylanilines via three-component benzannulation.

A one-pot three-component synthesis of substituted -hetarylanilines from heterocycle-substituted 1,3-diketones has been developed. The electron-withdrawing power of the heterocyclic substituent (which can be estimated on the basis of calculated Hammett constants) in the 1,3-diketone plays a pivotal role in the studied reaction. The series of -hetarylanilines prepared (21-85% isolated yield) demonstrates the synthetic utility of the developed method.

A multivalent mRNA monkeypox virus vaccine (BNT166) protects mice and macaques from orthopoxvirus disease.

In response to the 2022 outbreak of mpox driven by unprecedented human-to-human monkeypox virus (MPXV) transmission, we designed BNT166, aiming to create a highly immunogenic, safe, accessible, and scalable next-generation vaccine against MPXV and related orthopoxviruses. To address the multiple viral forms and increase the breadth of immune response, two candidate multivalent mRNA vaccines were evaluated pre-clinically: a quadrivalent vaccine (BNT166a; encoding the MPXV antigens A35, B6, M1, H3) and a trivalent vaccine (BNT166c; without H3). Both candidates induced robust T cell responses and IgG antibodies in mice, including neutralizing antibodies to both MPXV and vaccinia virus.

Corrigendum to "Numerical investigation of flammable vapour cloud formation from pools of heated organic liquids" [Heliyon 8 (11), (NOVEMBER 2022), e11590].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Pathometagenomics reveals susceptibility to intestinal infection by Morganella to be mediated by the blood group-related B4galnt2 gene in wild mice.

Infectious disease is widely considered to be a major driver of evolution. A preponderance of signatures of balancing selection at blood group-related genes is thought to be driven by inherent trade-offs in susceptibility to disease. B4galnt2 is subject to long-term balancing selection in house mice, where two divergent allele classes direct alternative tissue-specific expression of a glycosyltransferase in the intestine versus blood vessels.

Numerical investigation of flammable vapour cloud formation from pools of heated organic liquids.

The aim of this work is to study the effects of wind velocity, pool length and thickness on the flammable vapour cloud formation from pools of heated organic liquids, covering a wide range of substance properties such as molecular weights and boiling temperatures. To achieve that goal, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model has been built and implemented in the commercial CFD code ANSYS Fluent. The mathematical model is validated against published experimental data with respect to both pool evaporation and vapour dispersion simulation.