Proper duration of antibiotics after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for the treatment of thoracic empyema.

Background: When chest tube drainage does not adequately resolve thoracic empyema, video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is often needed. However, the proper duration of antibiotics after VATS is poorly defined. Consequently, the objective of this study was to evaluate if short antibiotic durations post-VATS was equally effective compared to longer durations.

CD56 does not contribute to the anti-tumor, tissue homing, and glycolytic capacity of human NK cells.

Natural Killer (NK) cells are critical innate immune cells involved in the clearance of virally infected and malignant cells. Human NK cells are distinguished by their surface expression of CD56 and a lack of CD3. While CD56 expression and cell surface density has long been used as the prototypic marker to characterize primary human NK cell functional subsets, the exact functional role of CD56 in primary human NK cells is still not fully understood.

Is combined letrozole and clomiphene superior to either as monotherapy: a systemic review and meta-analysis based on clinical trials.

Objective: This research was conducted to assess the therapeutic advantage of combined letrozole and clomiphene citrate versus monotherapy for polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients.

Study Design: Five databases were searched using the search string: (letrozole and clomiphene) AND (clomiphene OR clomiphene citrate OR CC) AND (letrozole OR LE) AND (ovulation induc* OR fertility induc* OR fertility preserv*) AND (polycystic ovarian syndrome OR PCOS). All statistical analyses were conducted in Review Manager 5.

Concomitant ulcerative colitis and Usher syndrome in a Pakistani patient: A novel case report.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Usher syndrome (USH) are debilitating diseases, compromising quality of life. Globally, half a million cases of UC have been reported, whereas USH is the leading cause of genetic deaf-blindness worldwide. The combined occurrence of both these diseases together is extremely rare.

Case report: Elective management of a bicornuate uterus with hematometra, incidentally found submucosal fibroids, rectus sheath hematoma, and hydronephrosis in a resource limited setting.

Introduction And Importance: Bicornuate uterus is a rare type of congenital mullerian anomaly, presenting as a diagnostic challenge. Metroplasty either via an open approach or laparoscopically can be performed to definitively diagnose and treat the defect.

Case Presentation: A 26-year-old female, with no known comorbids and past surgical history of endometriotic cyst excision presented with acute symptoms of left lower abdominal pain, burning micturition, and relative constipation.