[Obtaining of water soluble microbial melanin and study of its some properties].

The effective sorption method for melanin isolation and purification from fermentation solutions of Bacillus thuringiensis serovar galleriae K1 has been elaborated, the principle process flowsheet is presented. The identification of obtained pigment with the samples of natural and synthetic melanin was done by IR-spectroscopy, and the intensity ratio of optical absorption at 650 and 500 nm allows to refer the isolated melanin to eumelanin class. By thermal treatment it was determined, that melanin's amorphous sediment is steady at up to 120 degrees C temperatures, at that the concentration of paramagnetic centers is changed from 0.

[Genomic instability in chidren born after the Chernobyl nuclear accident (in vivo and in vitro studies)].

Analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes in children born after the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in the period from 1987 to 2004 (permanent residents of territories contaminated with radionuclides, n = 92; and children of irradiated fathers-liquidators, n = 88)) revealed increased levels of aberrant cells (ACs) and aberrations of the chromosomal type as compared to the control (P < 0.05). In three subgroups of children with different initial AC frequencies (children with high AC frequencies, > or = 3%; children with medium AC frequencies, 2%; and children with low AC frequencies, > or = 1%), the levels of aberrations of the chromosomal type are increased as compared to the control (P < 0.

[Transgenerational genomic instability in children of liquidators of the accident at the ChNPP (cytogenetic and immunogenetic characteristics)].

A complex of cytogenetic and of immunogenetic study of the state of the lymphocyte genomes in the liquidators of the ChNPP accident and their unirradiated children has been carried out for the first time. Increased frequencies of the chromosome aberrations, of gene mutations (TCR mutations) and of predictors of apoptosis (cells with CD95+ immunophenotype) have been revealed in both generations. The analysis of correlations between the parameters under study has demonstrated distinctive features characteristic of induction of genomic instability in the organism of unirradiated children as compared to their fathers--liquidators directly exposed to radiation.

[The problem of the transgeneration phenomenon of genome instability in sick children of different age groups after the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant].

A complex genetic examination of children which belong to two cohorts and their parents were carried out. The first cohort included children and constantly living on territories contaminated with radionuclides (Novozybkov district, Bryansk region). They were subdivided in groups according to the ontogenetic age periods of development of their parents at the time of the Chernobyl accident.

[Results of cytological studies of smears of the buccal mucosa in elderly subjects].

Cytological studies of smear impressions from different sites of the buccal mucosa were carried out in 25 subjects (22 women and 3 men) aged 61-85 years. A group of healthy subjects aged 16-33 years were controls. Cells of different degree of differentiation are present in normal mucosa with different epithelial status: intermediate cells, mature cells with pyknotic nuclei, or surface cells without nuclei.