Radiative corrections: from medium to high energy experiments.

Radiative corrections are crucial for modern high-precision physics experiments, and are an area of active research in the experimental and theoretical community. Here we provide an overview of the state of the field of radiative corrections with a focus on several topics: lepton-proton scattering, QED corrections in deep-inelastic scattering, and in radiative light-hadron decays. Particular emphasis is placed on the two-photon exchange, believed to be responsible for the proton form-factor discrepancy, and associated Monte-Carlo codes.

Generation of superposed orbital angular momentum beams using a free-electron laser oscillator.

With wavelength tunability, free-electron lasers (FELs) are well-suited for generating orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams in a wide photon energy range. We report here the first experimental demonstration of OAM beam generation using an oscillator FEL with the tens of picosecond pulse duration. Lasing around 458 nm, we have produced the four lowest orders of superposed Laguerre-Gaussian beams using a very long FEL resonator of 53.

[Informativeness estimation for the main clinical and laboratory parameters in patients with severe COVID-19].

Aim: To conduct a retrospective assessment of the clinical and laboratory data of patients with severe forms of COVID-19 hospitalized in the intensive care and intensive care unit, in order to assess the contribution of various indicators to the likelihood of death.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective assessment of data on 224 patients with severe COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit was carried out. The analysis included the data of biochemical, clinical blood tests, coagulograms, indicators of the inflammatory response.

A Chirality-Based Quantum Leap.

There is increasing interest in the study of chiral degrees of freedom occurring in matter and in electromagnetic fields. Opportunities in quantum sciences will likely exploit two main areas that are the focus of this Review: (1) recent observations of the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect in chiral molecules and engineered nanomaterials and (2) rapidly evolving nanophotonic strategies designed to amplify chiral light-matter interactions. On the one hand, the CISS effect underpins the observation that charge transport through nanoscopic chiral structures favors a particular electronic spin orientation, resulting in large room-temperature spin polarizations.

Quantifying Information via Shannon Entropy in Spatially Structured Optical Beams.

While information is ubiquitously generated, shared, and analyzed in a modern-day life, there is still some controversy around the ways to assess the amount and quality of information inside a noisy optical channel. A number of theoretical approaches based on, e.g.