Cardenolides in the defensive fluid of adult large milkweed bugs have differential potency on vertebrate and invertebrate predator Na/K-ATPases.

Aposematic animals rely on diverse secondary metabolites for defence. Various hypotheses, such as competition, life history and multifunctionality, have been posited to explain defence variability and diversity. We investigate the compound selectivity hypothesis using large milkweed bugs, , to determine if distinct cardenolides vary in toxicity to different predators.

Standing and traveling waves in a model of periodically modulated one-dimensional waveguide arrays.

In the present work we study coherent structures in a one-dimensional discrete nonlinear Schrödinger lattice in which the coupling between waveguides is periodically modulated. Numerical experiments with single-site initial conditions show that, depending on the power, the system exhibits two fundamentally different behaviors. At low power, initial conditions with intensity concentrated in a single site give rise to transport, with the energy moving unidirectionally along the lattice, whereas high-power initial conditions yield stationary solutions.

Disparities in Prehospital Non-Traumatic Pain Management.

While prior research has identified racial disparities in prehospital analgesia for traumatic pain, little is known about non-traumatic pain. Using a national prehospital dataset, we sought to evaluate for racial and ethnic disparities in analgesia given by EMS for non-traumatic pain. We analyzed the 2018 and 2019 data from the ESO Data Collaborative, a collection of de-identified prehospital electronic health records from nearly 1,300 participating EMS agencies in the US.

Lead Toxicity and Environmental Health Justice Stories in Black and White Woodcut Portraits.

Background: Omaha, Nebraska, has a lead-contaminated superfund site and substandard housing that pose risks for childhood lead exposure. Healthy Housing Omaha (formerly, Omaha Healthy Kids Alliance), an environmental health nonprofit, partnered with the fourth author, an artist, and a newspaper to raise awareness about lead poisoning by publishing portraits and stories of affected community members.

Methods: The authors analyzed an interview with the artist, photographs of portraits published in a local newspaper, and quotations from portrait sitters.

Floquet solitons in square lattices: Existence, stability, and dynamics.

In the present work, we revisit a recently proposed and experimentally realized topological two-dimensional lattice with periodically time-dependent interactions. We identify the fundamental solitons, previously observed in experiments and direct numerical simulations, as exact, exponentially localized, periodic in time solutions. This is done for a variety of phase-shift angles of the central nodes upon an oscillation period of the coupling strength.