RNA Contaminates Glycosaminoglycans Extracted from Cells and Tissues.

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are linear negatively charged polysaccharides and important components of extracellular matrices and cell surface glycan layers such as the endothelial glycocalyx. The GAG family includes sulfated heparin, heparan sulfate (HS), dermatan sulfate (DS), chondroitin sulfate (CS), keratan sulfate, and non-sulfated hyaluronan. Because relative expression of GAGs is dependent on cell-type and niche, isolating GAGs from cell cultures and tissues may provide insight into cell- and tissue-specific GAG structure and functions.

Enterobius vermicularis infection of the liver in a patient with colorectal carcinoma with suspected liver metastasis.

A 68-year-old man diagnosed with cT3N2 adenocarcinoma of the rectum presented with a synchronous solitary liver metastasis on CT scan. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy was started to downstage the primary tumour. Resection of the rectal tumour followed 3 months after the last radiotherapy session and primary resection of the isolated liver lesion was performed in the intervening period.

Ankyrin-3 is a novel binding partner of the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.1 implicated in renal magnesium handling.

The voltage-gated potassium channel, Kv1.1, was recently identified as a causative gene in isolated dominant hypomagnesemia. The channel is situated in the distal convoluted tubule, where it participates in maintaining a favorable electrical gradient for driving magnesium ion into the cell through the transient receptor potential melastatin 6 channel.

The identification of genetic pathways involved in vascular adaptations after physical deconditioning versus exercise training in humans.

Physical inactivity and exercise training result in opposite adaptations of vascular structure. However, the molecular mechanisms behind these adaptations are not completely understood. We used a unique study design to examine both vascular characteristics of the superficial femoral artery (using ultrasound) and gene expression levels (from a muscle biopsy) in human models for physical deconditioning and exercise training.

Cholate feeding counteracts calcium-induced depression of apparent fat digestibility in rats.

This study tested the hypothesis that cholate feeding would counteract the earlier described calcium-induced inhibition of fat digestion. Rats were fed semipurified diets; either low (0.25%, w/w) or high (1.