Correlation Between Thyroid Hormone and Controlled Attenuation Parameters: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate how thyroid hormone levels are related to controlled attenuation parameters (CAP), which may provide insights for understanding the role of these factors in hepatic steatosis.

Methods: A total of 3461 participants who underwent CAP diagnosis between 2018 and 2023 were included. The associations between thyroid hormone levels and CAP were evaluated through multiple linear regression, restricted cubic splines (RCS) and threshold effect analyses.

Renovascular hypertension following by juxtaglomerular cell tumor: a challenging case with 12-year history of resistant hypertension and hypokalemia.

Background: Adolescents with secondary hyperaldosteronism often present with severe and treatment-resistant hypertension, along with hypokalemia. Renovascular hypertension is frequently caused by renal artery stenosis, primarily due to atherosclerosis and fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD). The presence of an accessory renal artery (ARA) is a common anatomical variation that can contribute to secondary renal vascular hypertension.

Discovery of Novel Spiropiperidinyl-α-methylene-γ-butyrolactones as Antifungal and Antitoxin Agents Targeting Oxysterol Binding Protein.

Corn ear rot and fumonisin caused by pose a serious threat to food security. To find more highly active fungicidal and antitoxic candidates with structure diversity based on naturally occurring lead xanthatin, a series of novel spiropiperidinyl-α-methylene-γ-butyrolactones were rationally designed and synthesized. The bioassay results indicated that compound showed broad-spectrum activity with EC values falling from 3.

Discovery of Trisubstituted -Phenylpyrazole Containing Diamides with Improved Insecticidal Activity.

To increase the structural diversity of insecticides and meet the needs of effective integrated insect management, the structure of chlorantraniliprole was modified based on a previously established three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) model. The pyridinyl moiety in the structure of chlorantraniliprole was replaced with a 4-fluorophenyl group. Further modifications of this 4-fluorophenyl group by introducing a halogen atom at position 2 and an electron-withdrawing group (e.

Liraglutide improved the reproductive function of obese mice by upregulating the testicular AC3/cAMP/PKA pathway.

Background: The incidence of male reproductive dysfunction is increasing annually, and many studies have shown that obesity can cause severe harm to male reproductive function. The mechanism of male reproductive dysfunction caused by obesity is unclear, and there is no ideal treatment. Identification of effective therapeutic drugs and elucidation of the molecular mechanism involved in male reproductive health are meaningful.

Association Between Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and MACCEs in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers: An Ambispective Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Aim: Metabolic dysfunction-related fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is closely related to metabolic disorders. However, the relationship between MAFLD and the prognosis in diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between MAFLD and the risk of major adverse cardiac and cerebral events (MACCEs) in patients with DFUs.

DSFedCon: Dynamic Sparse Federated Contrastive Learning for Data-Driven Intelligent Systems.

Federated learning (FL) makes it possible for multiple clients to collaboratively train a machine-learning model through communicating models instead of data, reducing privacy risk. Thus, FL is more suitable for processing data security and privacy for intelligent systems and applications. Unfortunately, there are several challenges in FL, such as the low training accuracy for nonindependent and identically distributed (non-IID) data and the high cost of computation and communication.

Iron overload induces islet β cell ferroptosis by activating ASK1/P-P38/CHOP signaling pathway.

Background: Recent studies have shown that the accumulation of free iron and lipid peroxides will trigger a new form of cell death-ferroptosis. This form of cell death is associated with a variety of diseases, including type 2 diabetes. We hypothesize that iron overload may play a role in driving glucose metabolism abnormalities by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress that mediates ferroptosis in islet β cells.

3D-QSAR-Based Molecular Design to Discover Ultrahigh Active -Phenylpyrazoles as Insecticide Candidates.

Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) is one of the most important and effective tools to direct molecular design in new pesticide development. Chlorantraniliprole is an anthranilic diamide ryanodine receptor (RyR) agonist with ultrahigh activity, high selectivity, and mammalian safety. To continue our studies on new insecticide development, here, we designed new insecticidal -phenylpyrazoles by using 3D-QSAR of chlorantraniliprole analogues as a guide.

Novel Sulfonylurea Derivatives as Potential Antimicrobial Agents: Chemical Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Computational Study.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is a worldwide health threat and has already tormented humanity during its long history, creating an urgent need for the development of new classes of antibacterial agents. In this study, twenty-one novel sulfonylurea derivatives containing phenyl-5-vinyl and pyrimidinyl-4-aryl moieties were designed and synthesized, among which, nine compounds exhibited inhibitory potencies against Gram-positive bacterial strains: MRSA (Chaoyang clinical isolates), ATCC6538, vancomycin-resistant -309 (VRE-309), and ATCC 6633. Especially, and demonstrated inhibitory activities against the four bacterial strains with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.

3D-QSAR Directed Discovery of Novel Halogenated Phenyl 3-Trifluoroethoxypyrazole Containing Ultrahigh Active Insecticidal Anthranilic Diamides.

Pests are one of the major factors causing crop damage and food security problems worldwide. Based on our previous studies on the discovery of insecticidal leads targeting the ryanodine receptors (RyRs), a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) model was established to design and synthesize a series of anthranilic diamides containing a halogenated phenyl 3-trifluoroethoxypyrazole moiety. The preliminary bioassays disclosed that , , and against showed comparable activity to chloranthraniliprole (LC: 0.

Chemical preparation, degradation analysis, computational docking and biological activities of novel sulfonylureas with 2,5-disubstituted groups.

Based on the previous finding that a substitution at 5-position of the benzene ring is favorable to enhance the degradation rates of sulfonylurea herbicides, a total of 16 novel 2,5-disubsituted sulfonylurea compounds were chemically synthesized and fully characterized by means of H NMR, C NMR, HRMS and X-ray diffraction. By using HPLC analysis, the degradation behavior of M03, a compound belonging to this family, was studied and confirmed that chlorsulfuron itself is not a degraded product of the 2,5-disubstituted sulfonylureas. Inhibition constants against plant acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) were determined for selected compounds, among which SU3 showed seven times stronger activity against the mutant W574L enzyme than chlorsulfuron.

Synthesis, herbicidal activity and soil degradation of novel 5-substituted sulfonylureas as AHAS inhibitors.

Background: Chlorsulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl and ethametsulfuron can damage sensitive crops in rotation pattern as a result of their long persistence in soil. To explore novel sulfonylurea (SU) herbicides with favorable soil degradation rates, four series of SUs were synthesized through a structure-based drug design (SBDD) strategy.

Results: The target compounds, especially Ia, Id and Ie, exhibited prospective herbicidal activity against dicotyledon oil seed rape (Brassica campestris), amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus), monocotyledon barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli) and crab grass (Digitaria sanguinalis) at a concentration of 15 a.

Novel Fluorinated Aniline Anthranilic Diamides Improved Insecticidal Activity Targeting the Ryanodine Receptor.

The diamide insecticides show exceptional activity against insects via activation of ryanodine receptors (RyRs). In the present study, a series of anthranilic diamides containing a fluoroaniline moiety were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for insecticidal potency. Most titled compounds exerted moderate to remarkably high activity against , , and .

Improving Insecticidal Activity of Chlorantraniliprole by Replacing the Chloropyridinyl Moiety with a Substituted Cyanophenyl Group.

Insect ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are molecular targets of the anthranilic diamide insecticides. In the present study, a new series of anthranilic diamides containing a cyanophenyl pyrazole moiety were rationally designed by active-fragment assembly and computer-aided design using the 3D structure of RyRs as a receptor and chlorantraniliprole as a ligand. Most of the titled compounds showed good toxicity against , , and .

Synthesis of potent antifungal 3,4-dichloroisothiazole-based strobilurins with both direct fungicidal activity and systemic acquired resistance.

To continue our efforts to discover novel fungicide lead structures, a series of 3,4-dichloroisothiazole-based-strobilurin derivatives were synthesized and characterized. bioassay screening with 9 different plant pathogens suggested that the linker between 3,4-dichloroisothiazole and the pharmacophore played a critical role in fungicidal potency and scope. Among these, compound 2a with a -methoxy oxime ether as a linker was a better active compound.

Alkaline Soil Degradation and Crop Safety of 5-Substituted Chlorsulfuron Derivatives.

Sulfonylurea herbicides can lead to serious weed resistance due to their long degradation times and large-scale applications. This is especially true for chlorsulfuron, a widely used acetolactate synthase inhibitor used around the world. Its persistence in soil often affects the growth of crop seedlings in the following crop rotation, and leads to serious environmental pollution all over the world.

Flexible and Generalized Real Photograph Denoising Exploiting Dual Meta Attention.

Supervised deep learning techniques have been widely explored in real photograph denoising and achieved noticeable performances. However, being subject to specific training data, most current image denoising algorithms can easily be restricted to certain noisy types and exhibit poor generalizability across testing sets. To address this issue, we propose a novel flexible and well-generalized approach, coined as dual meta attention network (DMANet).

Synthesis, Herbicidal Activity, Crop Safety and Soil Degradation of Pyrimidine- and Triazine-Substituted Chlorsulfuron Derivatives.

Chlrosulfuron, a classical sulfonylurea herbicide that exhibits good safety for wheat but causes a certain degree of damage to subsequent corn in a wheat-corn rotation mode, has been suspended field application in China since 2014. Our previous study found that diethylamino-substituted chlorsulfuron derivatives accelerated the degradation rate in soil. In order to obtain sulfonylurea herbicides with good crop safety for both wheat and corn, while maintaining high herbicidal activities, a series of pyrimidine- and triazine-based diethylamino-substituted chlorsulfuron derivatives (-) were systematically evaluated.

Degradation of 5-Dialkylamino-Substituted Chlorsulfuron Derivatives in Alkaline Soil.

Sulfonylurea herbicides are widely used as acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors due to their super-efficient activity. However, some sulfonylurea herbicides show toxicity under crop rotation due to their long degradation time, for example, chlorsulfuron. Our research goal is to obtain chlorsulfuron-derived herbicides with controllable degradation time, good crop safety and high herbicidal activities.

Design, synthesis and biological activity of diamide compounds based on 3-substituent of the pyrazole ring.

Background: Diamide insecticides have attracted significant attention due to their high efficacy and low toxicity to non-target organisms since they were introduced to the market. In order to tackle the problems of insecticide resistance and ecological safety, 16 novel nitrobenzene substituted anthranilic diamides with ester, hydroxyl or sulfonyl at the 3-position of the pyrazole ring were designed and synthesized.

Results: All of these compounds possessed good activity against the ryanodine receptor (RyR) from Spodoptera frugiperda and relatively lower activity against mammalian RyR1, showing a better insect-selectivity compared to chlorantraniliprole in a cell-based assay.

Synthesis of novel N-(2-phenyl-3-pyridyl) thiadiazole/isothiazole carboxamide analogs as potent plant elicitors.

Background: Plant elicitors are a class of plant protection agents that can stimulate plant immunity against phytopathogen without a potential resistance problem. In searching for novel plant elicitor candidates, a series of novel N-(2-phenyl-3-pyridyl) thiadiazole/isothiazole carboxamide analogs were designed and synthesized.

Results: In vitro bioassay showed that all new compounds exhibited weak direct fungicidal activity.