TXM-CB13 Improves the Intestinal Mucosal Barrier and Alleviates Colitis by Inhibiting the ROS/TXNIP/TRX/NLRP3 and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB/NLRP3 Pathways.

The activation of inflammasomes (NLRP3 and NLRP1) is central to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here we examined the protective effects of a thioredoxin-mimetic peptide CB13 (TXM-CB13), known for its antioxidative stress and anti-inflammatory properties. We examined the effects of TXM-CB13 on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in RAW264.

Factors associated with perceived medication safety during transitions of care in patients with cancer: A secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional survey.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate perceived medication safety in patients with cancer during transitions of care and identify factors associated with their safety perceptions.

Methods: A secondary data analysis was performed on a cross-sectional survey data of from patients with four types of cancer (i.e.

Exploring Self-Conditioning Co-Sample Strategy of Diffusion Models in Dermoscopic Images.

Generative dataset expansion methods can effectively alleviate the scarcity of data in dermoscopic image segmentation but commonly employ a two-stage synthesis strategy that contains additional learnable components and complex design, which results in high computational resource costs. Diffusion models utilizing a self-conditioning strategy have shown strong potential for efficiently reusing priors in the pipeline without relying on excessively complicated conditioning designs. Inspired by this, we propose a dataset expansion method called SCCS-Diff.

Exploring Contrastive Pre-training for Domain Connections in Medical Image Segmentation.

Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) in medical image segmentation aims to improve the generalization of deep models by alleviating domain gaps caused by inconsistency across equipment, imaging protocols, and patient conditions. However, existing UDA works remain insufficiently explored and present great limitations: (i) Exhibit cumbersome designs that prioritize aligning statistical metrics and distributions, which limits the model's flexibility and generalization while also overlooking the potential knowledge embedded in unlabeled data; (ii) More applicable in a certain domain, lack the generalization capability to handle diverse shifts encountered in clinical scenarios. To overcome these limitations, we introduce MedCon, a unified framework that leverages general unsupervised contrastive pre-training to establish domain connections, effectively handling diverse domain shifts without tailored adjustments.

State-dependent functional network connectivity alterations in post-stroke dementia with subcortical lesions.

Background: Recent studies have revealed disrupted dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) in stroke or dementia brains. However, it remains unclear how the dFNC was altered in post-stroke dementia (PSD).

Objective: This study aimed to explore PSD-specific alterations in the dFNC and their association with clinical assessments.

Deep-learning approach for developing bilayered electromagnetic interference shielding composite aerogels based on multimodal data fusion neural networks.

A non-experimental approach to developing high-performance EMI shielding materials is urgently needed to reduce costs and manpower. In this investigation, a multimodal data fusion neural network model is proposed to predict the EMI shielding performances of silver-modified four-pronged zinc oxide/waterborne polyurethane/barium ferrite (Ag@F-ZnO/WPU/BF) aerogels. First, 16 Ag@F-ZnO/WPU/BF samples with varying Ag@F-ZnO and BF contents were successfully prepared using the pre-casting and directional freezing techniques.

Lead seasonality: Affect children's blood lead levels and implication for lead exposure prevention.

Lead seasonality attributed to the patterns of Pb variation in the natural environment should be considered in the Pb risk analysis and related to the seasonality evident in humans. In this study, we integrate the Xi'an soil and dust lead seasonality data (554 surface soil samples and 554 road dust samples in three seasons) to evaluate the seasonal lead burden on children and propose the implications for children's lead exposure prevention strategies considering the lead seasonality and the influences from urban land use and children's living environment. The results showed that most seasonal variation patterns of soil and dust Pb are observed in winter (cold season), which coincided with the observation of higher children's blood lead levels in winter, although the strong correlation coefficients between children's blood lead levels (BLLs) and soil/dust Pb are observed in summer.

What a boy wants: Transgender men's hidden tran/scripts about the nonprescription use of gender-affirming hormones in mainland China.

Taking gender-affirming hormones (GAH) without medical supervision can be dangerous and even deadly. This is the first study to investigate the non prescribed GAH use behavior among transgender men in mainland China in response to the public health threat. We collected data through interviewing Chinese transgender men and mining information from their commonly-used social medial platforms with Natural Language Process (NLP) of Artificial Intelligence (AI).

Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence of depression in U.S. adults: evidence from NHANES.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiological characteristics of depression among adults in the U.S. remains unclear.

Whole stillage inclusion level influences in vitro fiber digestibility and ruminal fermentation of tall fescue hay.

With the growing bourbon industry in the southeastern U.S. leading to increased production of liquid distillery byproducts, there is a pressing need to explore sustainable uses for whole stillage [containing residual grain (corn, rye, malted barley) and liquid after ethanol separation] in livestock nutrition.

Low molecular weight galactomannan alleviates diarrhea induced by senna leaf in mice intestinal barrier improvement and gut microbiota modulation.

Low molecular weight galactomannan (LMGM), a soluble dietary fibre derived from guar gum, is recognized for its prebiotic functions, including promoting the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria and the production of short-chain fatty acids, but the mechanism of alleviating diarrhea is not fully understood. This study established an acute diarrhea mouse model using senna leaf decoction and evaluated the therapeutic effects of LMGM by monitoring diarrhea scores, loose stool prevalence, intestinal tissue pathology and gene expression, and gut microbiota composition and metabolisms. The results indicated that LMGM significantly reduced diarrhea scores and loose stool prevalence within two hours post-treatment.

Features of Structure and Flow Field in Homemade Co-Current Cavitation Water Jet Nozzle.

The cavitation water jet cleaning and coating removal technique represents an innovative sustainable method for cleaning and removing coatings, with the nozzle serving as a crucial component of this technology. Developing an artificially submerged nozzle with a reliable structure and excellent cavitation performance is essential for enhancing cavitation water jets' cleaning and coating removal efficacy in an atmosphere environment (non-submerged state). This study is based on the shear flow cavitation mechanism of an angular nozzle, the resonance principle of an organ pipe, and the jet pump principle.

Clinical feasibility of MRI-guided in-bore prostate biopsies at 0.55T.

Objective: In-bore MRI-guided biopsy allows direct visualization of suspicious lesions, biopsy needles, and trajectories, allowing accurate sampling when MRI-ultrasound fusion biopsy is not feasible. However, its use has been limited. Wide-bore, lower-field, and lower-cost scanners could help address these issues, but their feasibility for prostate biopsy is unknown.

Digital divide as a determinant of health in the U.S. older adults: prevalence, trends, and risk factors.

Background: The rapid development of digital technologies has fundamentally changed the care for older adults. However, not all older adults have equal opportunities to access and use the technologies, more importantly, be able to benefit from the technologies. We aimed to explore (1) the prevalence and the trend in the prevalence of digital divide in older adults, including digital access gap, digital use gap (specifically, using digital technologies for health commutation [e-communication gap]), and self-efficacy in information seeking gap (cognitive gap); (2) sociodemographic factors related to three perspectives of digital divide; and (3) the association between digital divide and self-rated health (exploratory).

Utilization of the genus for genetic improvement of wheat.

The genus species are found predominantly in the Mediterranean region. They possess an array of agronomically essential traits, such as resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, high protein content, and better grain quality, and are thus a valuable genetic resources for wheat improvement. In recent decades, there has been significant progress in the development of wheat- genetic stocks, leading to the successful transfer of beneficial genes from into cultivated wheat.

Interstitial lung disease with antibody-drug conjugates: a real-world pharmacovigilance study based on the FAERS database during the period 2014-2023.

Background: Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) combine the targeted nature of monoclonal antibodies with the potent efficacy of small-molecule cytotoxic drugs. However, they also carry unique safety risks, including lung toxicity.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and analysis of ADC-related interstitial lung disease (ILD) incidence, characteristics, and risk factors to optimize safe and effective clinical use.

Study for Hydrogen Migration Characteristics in the Elbow of a Hydrogen-Doped Natural Gas Pipeline under Normal Transport and Shutdown Conditions.

During the transportation of hydrogen-doped natural gas (HCNG), there is a risk of uneven distribution of hydrogen at the elbow, causing hydrogen damage to the pipeline. Therefore, based on the basic principles of computational fluid dynamics, this paper uses a hybrid model to describe the flow process of HCNG in an elbow. The results show that under normal transportation, the hydrogen volume fraction varies within 0.

Unravelling the synergistic effects in GdCe composite oxides supported biochar catalysts for formaldehyde elimination: Elevated performance and SO toleration.

A chain of GdCe oxides boosted biochars derived from maize straw and sewage sludge (GdCe/MPBs) were fabricated for formaldehyde (HCHO) catalytic decomposition. The ingenerate relationship between the abatement performance and corresponding structural feature was comprehensively evaluated by XPS, in situ DRIFTS, BET, XRD, SEM and H-TPR. Meanwhile, 10%GdCe/MPB exhibited excellent performance, favorable SO and moisture toleration over a broad temperature range from 160 to 320 ℃, where it achieved 96.

Comparative study on static and dynamic digest characteristics of oat β-Glucan and β-Gluco-Oligosaccharides.

Both oat β-glucans (OGs) and their hydrolyzed counterparts, oat β-gluco-oligosaccharides (OGOs), are dietary fibers indigestible by humans. They serve as substrates for the colonic intestinal flora, exhibiting potential prebiotic properties. This study, through in vitro digestion simulation, found that OGs and OGOs are not degraded and can safely pass through the upper digestive tract to reach the colon.

Using machine learning to predict soil lead relative bioavailability.

Although the relative bioavailability (RBA) can be applied to assess the effects of Pb on human health, there is no definition and no specific data of Pb-RBA to different soil sources and endpoints in vivo. In this study, we estimated the Pb-RBA from different soil sources and endpoints based on machine learning. The Pb-BAc and Pb-RBA in soils were found to be mostly in the range of 20-80 %, which is different from the USEPA Pb-RBA of 60 % in soils.

Atomic H*-mediated electrochemical reduction of bromate by a facile Ti/Pd@MXene filter electrode.

Bromate (BrO) is a common by-product of advanced oxidation water treatment processes. In this study, a catalyst combining MXene and Pd was synthesized to eliminate BrO by electrochemical reduction in flow-through mode. The fabricated Ti/Pd@MXene filter showed superior activity for BrO reduction compared with Ti/MXene filter.

CmPYL7 positively regulates the cold tolerance via interacting with CmPP2C24-like in oriental melon.

Pyrabactin or Actin Resistance1/PYR1-Like/Regulatory Components of abscisic acid (ABA) Receptors (PYR/PYL/RCARs, referred to as PYLs) are direct receptors of ABA that function pivotally in the ABA-signaling pathway. Previously, we discovered that CmPYL7 was strongly upregulated by cold stress in oriental melon (Cucumis melo). In this study, we demonstrated that CmPYL7 was strongly induced by cold treatment (Cold), Cold+ABA, and Cold+fluridone (Flu, an ABA inhibitor) treatments, while the expression level of CmPYL7 under Cold+Flu is lower than that of cold treatment.

[Electroacupuncture at acupoints of liver meridian for diminished ovarian reserve of liver depression: a randomized controlled trial].

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture at acupoints of liver meridian in patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) of liver depression.

Methods: A total of 62 patients with DOR of liver depression were randomly divided into an electroacupuncture group (31 cases, 1 case discontinued) and a western medication group (31 cases, 1 case was eliminated). Electroacupuncture was applied at bilateral Taichong (LR 3), Ligou (LR 5), Ququan (LR 8), Jimai (LR 12) in the electroacupuncture group, with continuous wave, in frequency of 2 Hz and current of 0.

LCN2 depletion aggravates sepsis-induced liver injury by regulating PTGS2-dependent ferroptosis.

Sepsis-induced liver injury (SILI) is an independent risk factor for organ dysfunction and mortality in critical care units. In this study, the roles of lipocalin 2 (LCN2) in SILI were investigated because LCN2 expression was increased in liver tissues of the septic mice induced by caecal ligation and puncture (CLP), as well as in hepatocytes treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). To evaluate liver injury in mice, the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured in both serum and liver tissues.