Rapid and precise treatment selection for antimicrobial-resistant infection enabled by a nano-dilution SlipChip.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become an increasingly severe threat to global health, and AMR-associated infection is one of the leading causes of death around the world. Due to the long turnaround time and the limited flexibility and availability of current antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) methods, a large portion of patients with bacterial infections are still treated empirically, increasing the risk of mistreatment. To address the demand for precision treatment of bacterial infections, we developed a nano-dilution SlipChip (nd-SlipChip)-based systematic evaluation method, which facilitates rapid, logic feedback for the assessment of antibiotics, antibiotic combinations, and phage therapy.

The Impact of Infection Control Policies on Hospital Acquired Infections by MDROs from 2016 to 2023.

Purpose: Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) pose a significant challenge to healthcare systems. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of the infection policy to COVID-19 on the incidence of HAIs caused by MDROs.

Methods: We conducted an eight-years retrospective analysis at a hospital in Shanghai, China.

Clinical value of thromboelastography in predicting the risk of recurrence of acute ischemic stroke.

Background: Thromboelastography (TEG) can objectively reflect the formation, development and rupture process of thrombosis in patients, but there are limited data on whether TEG can be used as a predictive tool for recurrence in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Objective: To explore the TEG risk of recurrence in patients with acute ischemic stroke predictive value.

Methods: A total of 441 patients with acute ischemic stroke who met the research criteria in the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to December 2021 were selected as the research objects.

Nitidine chloride inhibits mTORC1 signaling through ATF4-mediated Sestrin2 induction and targets IGF2R for lysosomal degradation.

Aims: Nitidine chloride (NC), a natural phytochemical alkaloid derived from Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC, exhibits multiple bioactivities, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and other therapeutic effects. However, the primary targets of NC and the mechanism of action (MOA) have not been explicitly defined.

Antibiotic resistance genes risks in relation to host pathogenicity and mobility in a typical hospital wastewater treatment process.

Hospital wastewaters (HWWs) serve as critical reservoirs for disseminating antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB). However, the dynamics and noteworthy shifts of ARGs and their associated pathogenicity, mobility, and resistome risks during HWWs treatment processes remain poorly understood. Utilizing metagenomic sequencing and assembly, we identified 817 ARG subtypes conferring resistance to 20 classes of antibiotics across 18 HWW samples from influent to effluent.

Ni/Photoredox-Catalyzed Enantioselective Acylation of α-Bromobenzoates with Aldehydes: A Formal Approach to Aldehyde-Aldehyde Cross-Coupling.

The catalytic cross-coupling of identical or similar functional groups is a cornerstone strategy for carbon-carbon bond formation, as exemplified by renowned methods, such as olefin cross-metathesis, Kolbe electrolysis, and various cross-electrophile couplings. However, similar methodologies for coupling aldehydes─fundamental building blocks in organic synthesis─remain underdeveloped. While the benzoin-type condensation, first reported in 1832, offers a reliable route for aldehyde dimerization, the chemo- and enantioselective cross-coupling of nonidentical yet similar aldehydes remains an unsolved challenge.

From disinfection to pathogenicity: Occurrence, resistome risks and assembly mechanism of biocide and metal resistance genes in hospital wastewaters.

Hospital wastewaters (HWWs) represent critical reservoir for the accumulation and propagation of resistance genes. However, studies on biocide and metal resistance genes (BMRGs) and their associated resistome risks and driving mechanisms in HWWs are still in their infancy. Here, metagenomic assembly was firstly used to investigate host pathogenicity and transferability profiles of BMGRs in a typical HWWs system.

Non-proteolytic ubiquitination of HBx controls HBV replication.

• The expression level of TRIM21 in patients is negatively correlated with the replication and integration of HBV. • TRIM21 was found to trigger non-proteolytic ubiquitination of X protein of HBV. • This study proposes that the PRYSPRY and RING domains in TRIM21 dimer can form a docking conformation for HBx binding.

Co-Fe-N@biochar anode for improvment the electricity generation performance of microbial fuel cell.

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can generate energy while processing organic pollutants, which has a great impact on environmental wastewater treatment applications. In this study, a gel polymer was formed by Co-Fe-N -doping biochar (Co-Fe-N@BC), which was used as the anode material to improve the electricity generation performance of MFC. The Co-Fe-N@BC material prepared at 900℃ carbonised biomass into more graphitic carbon, and its total resistance (3.

Corrigendum: Systems pharmacology approach to investigate the mechanism of Kai-Xin-San in Alzheimer's disease.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.

Epidemiology, genetic diversity, and evolutionary dynamics of Tembusu virus.

Tembusu virus (TMUV) is an emerging pathogenic flavivirus associated with acute egg-drop and fatal encephalitis in domestic waterfowl. Since its initial identification in mosquitoes in 1955, TMUV has been confirmed to infect ducks, pigeons, sparrows, geese, and chickens, posing a significant threat to the poultry industry. Here, we sequenced two DTMUV strains isolated in 2019 and systematically investigated the possible origin, genetic relationships, evolutionary dynamics, and transmission patterns of TMUV based on complete virus genome sequences in the public database.

Clinical characteristics of respiratory tract infection caused by in immunocompromised patients: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: With advancements in medical technology and the growth of an aging society, the number of immunocompromised patients has increased progressively. () is one of the most common opportunistic pathogens, causing a severe disease burden. We aimed to further clarify the differences in respiratory tract infections between immunocompromised and immunocompetent populations.

Incidence Rate, Pathogens and Economic Burden of Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection: A Single-Center, Retrospective Case-Control Study.

Purpose: Indwelling central venous catheters (CVCs) can cause catheter related bloodstream infection (CRBSI). CRBSI occurring in intensive care unit (ICU) patients may lead to the worse outcomes and extra medical costs. The present study aimed to assess the incidence and incidence density, pathogens and economic burden of CRBSI in ICU patients.

Chronic Splenic Melioidosis in a Patient with Fever of Unknown Origin Diagnosed by Metagenomics Next-Generation Sequencing: An Emerging Cause and Literature Review.

Introduction: Human melioidosis is an emerging infectious disease in tropical areas of China, and chronic melioidosis can be a rare cause of fever of unknown origin (FUO). Timely diagnosis may improve the prognosis of melioidosis.

Case Presentation: We report a case of melioidosis with splenic abscesses caused by in a 57-year-old man, who presented with FUO.

Kai-Xin-San Improves Cognitive Impairment via Wnt/β-Catenin and IRE1/XBP1s Signalings in APP/PS1 Mice.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia with an insidious onset and slow progression. Kai-Xin-San (KXS) has been reported to be effective in improving cognitive impairment in AD. However, the mechanism is still confused.

Relationship of environmental factors in pond water and dynamic changes of gut microbes of sea bass .

The effect of structure of gut microbes on the health of host has attracted increasing attention. Sea bass is an important farmed fish in China. The relationship of the dynamic changes of intestinal bacterial communities in and the cultural water environment is very important for healthy culture.

The 20 years transition of clinical characteristics and metabolic risk factors in primary liver cancer patients from China.

Background: The clinical characteristics of primary liver cancer (PLC) patients are changing, maybe due to hepatitis viral vaccination and lifestyle changes, etc. The linkage between these changes and outcomes among these PLCs has not yet been fully elucidated.

Methods: It was identified total of 1691 PLC cases diagnosed between 2000 ~ 2020.

Impact of age group on bloodstream infection risk evaluation in immunosuppressed patients: a retrospective, single-centre, 5-year cohort study.

Introduction: Elderly patients in immunosuppressive status may have an increased occurrence of illness and risk of poor prognosis. It is a generally overlooked population that we should pay more attention to their risk factors of sickness and mortality.

Methods: Eight hundred and nine patients who were diagnosed with bloodstream infection in immunosuppressive states during accepting treatment in our hospital were selected from 2015 to 2019.

Prognostic Risk Factors of Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Bloodstream Infection in Immunosuppressed Patients: A 7-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria bloodstream infection (CRGNB-BSI) has gradually become a major threat worldwide due to its treatment difficulty and high mortality. This study aimed to determine the risk factors for CRGNB-BSI in immunosuppressed patients.

Patients And Methods: A total of 427 immunosuppressed patients with CRGNB-BSI were retrospectively investigated from 2015 to 2021.

Nuclear localization of human MEIOB requires its NLS in the OB domain and interaction with SPATA22.

MEIOB is a vital protein in meiotic homologous recombination and plays an indispensable role in human gametogenesis. In mammals, MEIOB and its partner SPATA22 form a heterodimer, ensuring their effective localization on single-strand DNA (ssDNA) and proper synapsis processes. Mutations in human MEIOB (hMEIOB) cause human infertility attributed to the failure of its interaction with human SPATA22 (hSPATA22) and ssDNA binding.

Loss of Cep72 affects the morphology of spermatozoa in mice.

The centrosome regulates mammalian meiosis by affecting recombination, synapsis, chromosome segregation, and spermiogenesis. Cep72 is one of the critical components of the centrosome. However, the physiological role of Cep72 in spermatogenesis and fertility remains unclear.

Identification and characterization of lncRNAs and the interaction of lncRNA-mRNA in Epinephelus coioides induced with Singapore grouper iridovirus infection.

Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) is a highly pathogenic double-stranded DNA virus, and the fatality rate of SGIV-infected grouper is more than 90%. Up to now, there is no effective methods to control the disease. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) might play an important role in individual growth and development, immune regulation and other life processes.

Heating Rate during Shell Egg Thermal Treatment Elicits Stress Responses and Alters Virulence of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis; Implications for Shell Egg Pasteurization.

Thermal pasteurization of shell eggs, at various time-temperature combinations, has been proposed previously and implemented industrially. This study was conducted to determine if shell egg heating rate, which varies with different pasteurization implementations, alters the Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis response to different stresses or expression of virulence. Shell eggs, containing Salmonella Enteritidis in yolk, were subjected to a low (2.

Circulating (1 → 3)-β-D-Glucan as an immune activation marker decreased after ART in people living with HIV.

Background: Plasma level of polysaccharide (1 → 3)-β-D-Glucan (βDG), as a diagnostic marker of invasive fungal infection has been reported to be elevated in people living with HIV (PLWH). We assessed the association of circulating βDG to inflammation and systemic immune activation and the effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on βDG in PLWH.

Method: Plasma and peripheral blood monocular cell samples from 120 PLWH naive to ART and after 1 year's ART were collected.