Modulating room-temperature phosphorescence of D-π-A luminogens via methyl substitution, positional isomerism, and host-guest doping.

Organic room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) luminogens have showed significant potential in the fields of diagnostics, sensing, and information encryption. However, it is difficult to achieve high RTP yield (Φ) and long RTP lifetime simultaneously. By methyl substitution, positional isomerism, and host-guest doping, three new D-π-A type luminogens named as TBTDA, 2M-TBTDA, and 3M-TBTDA were designed and synthesized, whose RTP properties were tuned and optimized.

Inducers of Autophagy and Cell Death: Focus on Copper Metabolism.

Copper is an essential trace element in biological systems, playing a key role in various physiological functions, including redox reactions and energy metabolism. However, an imbalance in copper homeostasis can induce oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, ultimately leading to significant cytotoxicity and cell death. According to recent research, copper can bind to lipoylation sites on proteins involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, causing aggregation of lipoylated proteins, the loss of Fe-S cluster proteins, proteotoxic stress, and ultimately, cell death.

Symptom-related experience and sexual health of female patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension: protocol for a systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis.

Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex condition affecting quality of life, characterised by high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries leading to heart strain. PAH's impact extends beyond physical symptoms, influencing emotional and social well-being, particularly in women where it affects sexual health and pregnancy outcomes. Despite medical advancements, the disease's full impact on women's lives is under-researched, especially regarding sexual experiences and health.

Impact of triclocarban exposure on development and gene expression in the wolf spider, Pardosa pseudoannulata (Araneae: Lycosidae).

Triclocarban (TCC), an emerging organic contaminant, poses a potential threat to water resources and ecosystems. The wolf spider Pardosa pseudoannulata (Araneae: Lycosidae) is a dominant predator typically inhabiting rice fields or wet habitats near water sources. However, little is known about the effects of TCC on the wolf spiders.

Comparing the antioxidant effects of single and binary combinations of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in vitro and in vivo and their application in yogurt.

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) have been studied for their antioxidant properties, which can mitigate oxidative stress and improve health outcomes. The study aimed to compare the antioxidant properties of single and binary L.

Effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with extracorporeal shockwave therapy for poststroke spasticity: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Spasticity is a common complication of stroke, which is related to poor motor recovery and limitations in the performance of activities. Both transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) are effective treatment methods for poststroke spasticity (PSS). However, there is no existing study exploring the safety and effectiveness of TMS combined with ESWT for PSS.

Optimized MALDI2-Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Stable Isotope Tracing of Tissue-Specific Metabolic Pathways in Mice.

Spatial stable isotope tracing metabolic imaging is a cutting-edge technique designed to investigate tissue-specific metabolic functions and heterogeneity. Traditional matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) techniques often struggle with low coverage of low-molecular-weight (LMW) metabolites, which are often crucial for spatial metabolic studies. To address this, we developed a high-coverage spatial isotope tracing metabolic method that incorporates optimized matrix selection, sample preparation protocols, and enhanced post-ionization (MALDI2) techniques.

A survey of attitudes towards the curriculum for clinical medicine postgraduates pursuing professional master's degrees: perspectives of supervisors and students.

Background: Based on the recommendation of the Ministry of Education in China to differentiate between "academic" and "professional" degrees, medical schools offer both professional and academic degrees for postgraduates. In China, clinical postgraduates who are pursuing a professional master's degree also participate in standardised residency training (SRT). However, little attention has been given to feedback from students and supervisors regarding postgraduate curricula.

Efficacy and safety of different progestogens in women with first threatened miscarriage: A network meta-analysis.

Threatened miscarriage is defined as early vaginal bleeding before 12 weeks of gestational age and can occur in any pregnancy regardless of maternal age, race, comorbidities, lifestyle, or socioeconomic status, and about one-quarter of threatened miscarriages proceed to complete miscarriage. To assess the relative effectiveness and safety of different progestogens in women with first threatened miscarriage, using a network meta-analysis. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to April 2023.

Rotavirus-Inspired Nanointerface Engineered Biosensors for All-in-One Cancer Diagnosis.

Ultrasensitive and population-scale cancer screening technologies are critical to reducing cancer mortality. However, the current qRT-PCR falls short in high-throughput screening of multiple cancers. Here, a rotavirus-inspired multicancer diagnosis system (RMDS) is developed via nanointerface engineering.

Structure-activity relationship and in silico docking analysis of dicarboximide fungicides on 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 of human, rat, and pig.

Dicarboximide fungicides, including captafol, captan, cyclohexylthiophthalimide, folpet, and procymidone, represent a distinct category of fungicides. 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (17β-HSD1) catalyzes the conversion of estrone to estradiol in mammals. Yet, the impact of these fungicides on 17β-HSD1 activity remains unknown.

Cyclopiazonic acid suppresses the function of Leydig cells in prepubertal male rats by disrupting mitofusin 1-mediated mitochondrial function.

This research investigated the impact of cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), a mycotoxin, on the function of progenitor Leydig cells (PLCs) in prepubertal male rats, focusing on its potential disruption of mitochondrial integrity through mitofusin 1 (MFN1) modulation. In vivo, Sprague Dawley rats received CPA (0.2, 1, 5 mg/kg/day) via gavage from postnatal days 21-28 to evaluate PLC function and mitochondrial morphology using serum hormone levels, histology, qPCR, and Western blot analyses.

Regioselective Reversal in One-Pot and Two-Step Reaction of 1-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-Propargyl Alcohols with Aryl/Alkyl Mercaptan: Construction of 3-(Alkylthio)benzofurans and 2-(Alkylthiomethyl)benzofurans Starting from Identical Materials.

The Cu(MeCN)PF-catalyzed reaction of 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-propargyl alcohols with aryl/alkyl mercaptan and subsequent treatment with KCO only offered 3-(alkylthio)benzofurans, whereas the stoichiometric-exceeding CuI-mediated reaction and subsequent treatment with DIPEA furnished 2-(alkylthiomethyl)benzofurans with high selectivity. The amount of Cu(I) salts plays a key role in selective formation. This unique protocol for the selective construction of the two series of benzofurans containing alkylthio group proved to be suitable for broad substrates and except for aliphatic alkynyl alcohols.

Effects of parabens on human and rat placental 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isoforms: Structure activity relationship and docking analysis.

Parabens are widely used as preservatives in personal care products and are linked to potential disruptions in placental steroidogenesis. However, their exact impact remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the inhibition, mechanisms, structure-activity relationships (SAR) of parabens on human placental 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (h3β-HSD1) and its rat counterpart, r3β-HSD4.

DeSide: A unified deep learning approach for cellular deconvolution of tumor microenvironment.

Cellular deconvolution via bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) presents a cost-effective and efficient alternative to experimental methods such as flow cytometry and single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) for analyzing the complex cellular composition of tumor microenvironments. Despite challenges due to heterogeneity within and among tumors, our innovative deep learning-based approach, DeSide, shows exceptional accuracy in estimating the proportions of 16 distinct cell types and subtypes within solid tumors. DeSide integrates biological pathways and assesses noncancerous cell types first, effectively sidestepping the issue of highly variable gene expression profiles (GEPs) associated with cancer cells.

Reinforcement Learning-Based H Control of 2-D Markov Jump Roesser Systems With Optimal Disturbance Attenuation.

This article investigates model-free reinforcement learning (RL)-based H control problem for discrete-time 2-D Markov jump Roesser systems ( 2 -D MJRSs) with optimal disturbance attenuation level. This is compared to existing studies on H control of 2-D MJRSs with optimal disturbance attenuation levels that are off-line and use full system dynamics. We design a comprehensive model-free RL algorithm to solve optimal H control policy, optimize disturbance attenuation level, and search for the initial stabilizing control policy, via online horizontal and vertical data along 2-D MJRSs trajectories.

Chronic Real-Ambient PM Exposure Exacerbates Cardiovascular Risk via Amplifying Liver Injury in Mice Fed with a High-Fat and High-Cholesterol Diet.

Epidemiology has associated fine particulate matter (PM) exposure with an increased cardiovascular risk. However, the underlying mechanism, particularly from the liver perspective, remains unclear. Here, the influence of chronic PM exposure on cardiovascular risk in mice fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet (HFCD) was studied by using a real-world PM exposure system.

An electronic patient-reported outcome symptom monitor: the Chinese experience with rapid development of a ready-to-go symptom monitor.

Background: Monitoring symptoms is crucial for the early detection of disease progression and timely intervention, which is essential for reducing severe cases and mortality rates in rapidly spreading pandemics, such as COVID-19. Therefore, during infectious disease pandemics, the rapid development of real-time symptom monitoring platforms is essential. This study aimed to explore the urgent development process of an electronic system for patient-reported outcome monitoring in emergency situations.

Aromatase as a novel target of parabens in human and rat placentas: 3D-quantitative structure-activity relationship and docking analysis.

Aromatase (CYP19A1), a pivotal enzyme in the biosynthesis of estradiol from testosterone, is predominantly expressed in reproductive tissues including placentas. This study investigated the effects of paraben acid and nine parabens on the activity of human and rat CYP19A1 using microsomes derived from human and rat placentas and on estradiol secretion in human choriocarcinoma BeWo cells. The results showed that propyl, butyl, hexyl, heptyl, and nonyl parabens significantly inhibited human CYP19A1 activity, with IC values of 66.

Structural determinants of parabens in inhibiting human and rat gonadal 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.

This study delved into the impacts of 10 parabens on the activity of human and rat gonadal 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) within human KGN cell and rat testicular microsomes, as well as on the secretion of progesterone in KGN cells and the inhibitory potency was compared between human and rats. Intriguingly, the outcomes revealed that ethyl, propyl, butyl, hexyl, heptyl, nonyl, phenyl, and benzyl parabens displayed varying IC values for human 3β-HSD2, from 4.15 to 139.