Lanthanide-tetrazine probes for bio-imaging and click chemistry.

The blood-brain-barrier prevents many imaging agents and therapeutics from being delivered to the brain that could fight central nervous system diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and strokes. However, techniques such as the use of stapled peptides or peptide shuttles may allow payloads through, with bioconjugation achieved bio-orthogonal tetrazine/norbornene click chemistry. A series of lanthanide-tetrazine probes have been synthesised herein which could be utilised in bio-orthogonal click chemistry with peptide-based delivery systems to deliver MRI agents through the blood-brain-barrier.

A Nomogram Built on Clinical Factors and CT Attenuation Scores for Predicting Treatment Response of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive cancer with variable treatment responses. While clinical factors such as age and genetic mutations contribute to prognosis, recent studies suggest that CT attenuation scores may also predict treatment outcomes. This study aims to develop a nomogram combining clinical and CT-based factors to predict treatment response and guide personalized therapy for AML patients.

Ultrasound and single-port laparoscopic-guided microwave ablation of abdominal wall endometriosis lesions: A single-center observational study.

Introduction: Raising the temperature of abdominal wall endometriosis lesions contributes to an effective ablation; however, providing sufficient protection to the surrounding tissues remains a challenge. In this study, we aimed to combine ultrasound and single-port laparoscopic images to not only achieve complete ablation of abdominal wall endometriosis lesions but also protect surrounding tissues from damage. The adverse events and complications were Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade 1 or Society of Interventional Radiology classification grade A.

Misalignment tolerance enhancement of vector beams in a free-space optical communication link.

Optical misalignment between transmitter and receiver leads to power loss and mode crosstalk in a mode division multiplexing (MDM) free-space optical (FSO) link. We report both numerical simulations and experimental results on the propagation performance of two typical vector beams, C-point polarization full Poincaré beams (FPB), and V-point polarization cylindrical vector beams (CVB), compared to homogeneous polarization scalar vortex beams (SVB) under optical misalignment. The FSO communication performance under misalignment using different transmit beams is evaluated in terms of power loss, mode crosstalk, power penalty, etc.

640 Gbit/s FSO turbulence-resilient field trial utilizing the cylindrical vector beam.

Free-space optical (FSO) communication has the advantages of large bandwidth and high security and being license-free, making it the preferred solution for addressing the "last kilometer" of information transmission. However, it is susceptible to fluctuations in the received optical power (ROP) due to atmospheric turbulence and pointing errors, resulting in the inevitable free-space optical communication transmission performance degradation. In this work, we experimentally verified the turbulence resistance of the cylindrical vector beam (CVB) over a 3 km long free-space field trial link.

Development and validation of a score for clinical deterioration in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis.

Patients with cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) may experience poor response to anticoagulant therapy and delayed surgical treatment may lead to clinical deterioration. However, the factors contributing to clinical deterioration remain poorly understood. Patients with CVT from three centers between January 2017 and October 2023 were included and grouped as the development cohort and validation cohort.

Glutamic-pyruvic transaminase 1 deficiency-mediated metabolic reprogramming facilitates colorectal adenoma-carcinoma progression.

The tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) often follows the normal-adenoma-carcinoma (N-A-C) sequence. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying colorectal adenoma carcinogenesis remain largely unknown. Here, we analyzed transcriptomic profile changes in normal, advanced adenoma, and carcinoma tissues from patients with CRC, revealing that glutamic-pyruvic transaminase 1 () in colorectal tissues was down-regulated during the N-A-C process and correlated with poor CRC prognosis.

Extracellular vesicles-derived MicroRNA-145-5p is upregulated in the uterine fluid of women with endometriosis and impedes mouse and human blastocyst development.

Previous work indicated that the implantation and pregnancy rates of women with endometriosis are lower than those of healthy women during in-vitro fertilisation and embryonic transfer. And there are numerous microRNAs (miRNAs) in human uterine luminal fluid (ULF), some of which are associated with early preimplantation development of embryos. In our study, we sought to determine whether miRNAs in the ULF are differentially expressed between women with and without endometriosis and to uncover the association of miRNAs with the development potential of blastocysts.

DPAR: Decoupled Graph Neural Networks with Node-Level Differential Privacy.

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved great success in learning with graph-structured data. Privacy concerns have also been raised for the trained models which could expose the sensitive information of graphs including both node features and the structure information. In this paper, we aim to achieve node-level differential privacy (DP) for training GNNs so that a node and its edges are protected.

Multimodal monitoring of cerebral perfusion in carotid endarterectomy patients: a computational fluid dynamics study.

Objective: To evaluate postoperative cerebral perfusion changes and their influencing factors in carotid endarterectomy (CEA) patients by integrating multimodal monitoring methods, including cerebral regional oxygen saturation (rSO), carotid ultrasound (CU), computed tomographic angiography (CTA), and computed tomographic perfusion imaging (CTP), with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) assessment.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study on patients with internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis undergoing CEA at our institution. Pre- and postoperative assessments included CU, CTA, CTP, and rSO monitoring.

Dynamic nonlocal metasurface for multifunctional integration via phase-change materials.

Non-local metasurface supporting geometric phases at bound states in the continuum (BIC) simultaneously enables sharp spectral resonances and spatial wavefront shaping, thus providing a diversified optical platform for multifunctional devices. However, a static nonlocal metasurface cannot manipulate multiple degrees of freedom (DOFs), making it difficult to achieve multifunctional integration and be applied in different scenarios. Here, we presented and demonstrated phase-change non-local metasurfaces that can realize dynamic manipulation of multiple DOFs including resonant frequency, values, band, and spatial wavefront.

Integrated explainable machine learning and multi-omics analysis for survival prediction in cancer with immunotherapy response.

To demonstrate the efficacy of machine learning models in predicting mortality in melanoma cancer, we developed an interpretability model for better understanding the survival prediction of cancer. To this end, the optimal features were identified, ten different machine learning models were utilized to predict mortality across various datasets. Then we have utilized the important features identified by those machines learning methods to construct a new model named NKECLR to forecast mortality of patient with cancer.

MULTIPAR: Supervised Irregular Tensor Factorization with Multi-task Learning for Computational Phenotyping.

Tensor factorization has received increasing interest due to its intrinsic ability to capture latent factors in multi-dimensional data with many applications including Electronic Health Records (EHR) mining. PARAFAC2 and its variants have been proposed to address irregular tensors where one of the tensor modes is not aligned, e.g.

IGAMT: Privacy-Preserving Electronic Health Record Synthesization with Heterogeneity and Irregularity.

Utilizing electronic health records (EHR) for machine learning-driven clinical research has great potential to enhance outcome predictions and treatment personalization. Nonetheless, due to privacy and security concerns, the secondary use of EHR data is regulated, constraining researchers' access to EHR data. Generating synthetic EHR data with deep learning methods is a viable and promising approach to mitigate privacy concerns, offering not only a supplementary resource for downstream applications but also sidestepping the privacy risks associated with real patient data.

Federated Node Classification over Distributed Ego-Networks with Secure Contrastive Embedding Sharing.

Federated learning on graphs (a.k.a.

SKP2 inhibition activates tumor cell-intrinsic immunity by inducing DNA replication stress and genomic instability.

Background: S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) is a typical oncogene aberrantly overexpressing in a variety of cancer types, but it remains elusive whether SKP2 regulates the antitumor immunity of triple-negative breast cancer.

Methods: The efficacy of anti-PD-1 was evaluated in the orthotopic xenografts of immunocompetent mice models. The infiltration of cytotoxic T cells in tumor microenvironment(TME) were assessed by immunofluorescence staining.

Pedunculoside alleviates cognitive deficits and neuronal cell apoptosis by activating the AMPK signaling cascade.

Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction emerges as an early pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential and the elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production are pivotal in the initiation of neuronal cell apoptosis. Pedunculoside(Ped), a novel triterpene saponin derived from the dried barks of Ilex rotunda Thunb, exhibits a potent anti-inflammatory effect.

Holographic multiplexing recording with an orthogonal polarized array.

This study combines tensor polarization holography theory and multichannel recording techniques and proposes a novel polarization encoding method, the orthogonal polarized array (OPA). This method can efficiently and independently reconstruct polarization holograms using accurate OPA waves in the reference-based multiplexing technique when the reference waves in the reading process have the same polarization state as those in the recording process. The novelty is that the multiplexing dimensions of the OPA can reach any number without limitations.

Anti-noise performance analysis in amplitude-modulated collinear holographic data storage using deep learning.

In an amplitude-modulated collinear holographic data storage system, optical system aberration and experimental noise due to the recording medium often result in a high bit error rate (BER) and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in directly read detector data. This study proposes an anti-noise performance analysis using deep learning. End-to-end convolutional neural networks were employed to analyze noise resistance in encoded data pages captured by the detector.

A Multifunctional Low-Temperature Photothermal Nanomedicine for Melanoma Treatment via the Oxidative Stress Pathway Therapy.

Purpose: Melanoma is a highly aggressive and dangerous malignant skin tumor and there is an urgent need to develop effective therapeutic approaches against melanoma. The main objective of this study was to construct a multifunctional nanomedicine (GNR@PEG-Qu) to investigate its therapeutic effect on melanoma from the oxidative stress pathway.

Methods: First, the nanomedicine GNR@PEG-Qu was synthesized and characterized, and its photothermal and antioxidant properties were confirmed.