Generation of DBPs from dissolved organic matter by solar photolysis of chlorine: Associated changes of cytotoxicity and reactive species.

Since elevated amounts of chlorine disinfectant were discharged into surface water, more attention should be paid to the reactions between dissolved organic matter (DOM) and chlorine under sunlight. However, disinfection byproducts (DBPs) formed from DOM by solar photolysis of chlorine, and changes of cytotoxicity during this process remain unclear. In this study, it was found that solar photolysis of chlorine significantly promoted the formation of aliphatic chlorinated DBPs and aromatic chlorinated DBPs (including chlorobenzoquinone) by 44.

Measurement of CP Violation Observables in D^{+}→K^{-}K^{+}π^{+} Decays.

A search for violation of the charge-parity (CP) symmetry in the D^{+}→K^{-}K^{+}π^{+} decay is presented, with proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4  fb^{-1}, collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the LHCb detector. A novel model-independent technique is used to compare the D^{+} and D^{-} phase-space distributions, with instrumental asymmetries subtracted using the D_{s}^{+}→K^{-}K^{+}π^{+} decay as a control channel.

R(3780) Resonance Interpreted as the 1^{3}D_{1}-Wave Dominant State of Charmonium from Precise Measurements of the Cross Section of e^{+}e^{-}→Hadrons.

We report the precise measurements of the cross section of e^{+}e^{-}→hadrons at center-of-mass energies from 3.645 to 3.871 GeV.

Development and characterization of a surfactant responsive to redox conditions for gas recovery in foam drainage.

To address the challenge of reusing foaming agents in foam drainage gas production processes, we developed a redox-responsive surfactant with a straightforward preparation method based on molecular electrostatic interaction assembly. The redox response mechanism of the surfactant was investigated through surface tension, absorbance, particle size, and Zeta potential analyses. Results indicate that the minimum surface tension in the oxidized state can reach 26.

Plasma fibronectin is a prognostic biomarker of disability in Parkinson's disease: a prospective, multicenter cohort study.

In a prospective longitudinal study with 218 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients in the discovery cohort and 84 in the validation cohort, we aimed to identify novel blood biomarkers predicting disability milestones in PD. Through Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator-Cox (Lasso-Cox) regression, developed nomogram predictive model and Linear mixed-effects models, we identified low level of plasma fibronectin (pFN) as one of the best-performing risk markers in predicting disability milestones. A low level of pFN was associated with a short milestone-free survival period in PD.

Development of a rat airway organoids model for studying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) poses global health challenges owing to limited treatment options and high rates of morbidity and mortality. Airway organoids have recently become a valuable resource for the investigation of respiratory diseases. However, limited access to clinical tissue samples hinders the use of airway organoids to study COPD.

Hearing loss trajectory and prediction model for children with enlarged vestibular aqueduct.

Purpose: To explore how hearing changes over time and the characteristics associated with progressive hearing loss in children with enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA), and develop a prediction model for anticipation of hearing progression probability.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 48 children (92 ears) diagnosed with EVA. A total of 314 audiograms were included in the analysis of hearing loss trajectories using linear mixed-effects model.

Emerging environmental risks to the largest coastal lagoon (Pinqing Lagoon) on the Chinese mainland: Assessment through a water-sediment-ecological perspective.

Coastal lagoons are vital yet vulnerable marine ecosystems. This study analyzes a five-year dataset to evaluate changes in water quality and their impacts on biota in Pinqing Lagoon (PQL). Seasonal surveys conducted from 2019 to 2023 across 14 sites revealed significant variability in water and sediment quality parameters.

Phosphorylation of the prokaryotic histone-like protein H-NS modulates bacterial virulence in Salmonella Typhimurium.

H-NS is a prokaryotic histone-like protein that binds to bacterial chromosomal DNA with important regulatory roles in gene expression. Unlike histone proteins, hitherto post-translational modifications of H-NS are still largely uncharacterized, especially in bacterial pathogens. Salmonella Typhimurium is a primary enteric pathogen and its virulence is mainly dependent on specialized type III secretion systems (T3SSs), which were evolutionarily acquired via horizontal gene transfer.

Transposon-triggered epigenetic chromatin dynamics modulate EFR-related pathogen response.

Infectious diseases drive wild plant evolution and impact crop yield. Plants, like animals, sense biotic threats through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Overly robust immune responses can harm plants; thus, understanding the tuning of defense response mechanisms is crucial for developing pathogen-resistant crops.

Study on material removal of double abrasive grains in ultrasonic assisted abrasive cloth wheel of GH4169 alloy blade.

As a critical component of aero-engines, the processing quality of the blade has a significant impact on the engine's overall performance and service life. First, from the perspective of double abrasive grains, two finite element models-simultaneous and sequential scratches-are established. The interaction between the two abrasive grains affects not only the polishing force and chip formation but also the surface morphology of the processed workpiece.

SLAMF7 defines subsets of human effector CD8 T cells.

Long-term control of viral replication relies on the efficient differentiation of memory T cells into effector T cells during secondary immune responses. Recent findings have identified T cell precursors for both memory and exhausted T cells, suggesting the existence of progenitor-like effector T cells. These cells can persist without antigenic challenge but expand and acquire effector functions upon recall immune responses.

and : Potential Therapeutic Targets for Gastric Cancer.

Background: Detecting and treating stomach cancer requires a comprehensive understanding of how gastric cancer develops and progresses. In this context, efforts have been made to elucidate the regulation of glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 () and Lysine demethylase 4C () in gastric cancer.

Methods: Bioinformatics was utilized to predict the levels and correlation of and in gastric cancer, followed by determining their expressions via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

A novel geminivirus-derived 3' flanking sequence of terminator mediates the gene expression enhancement.

Exploring the new elements to re-design the expression cassette is crucial in synthetic biology. Viruses are one of the most important sources for exploring gene expression elements. In this study, we found that the DNA sequence of the SBG51 deltasatellite from the Sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) greatly enhanced the gene expression when flanked downstream of the terminator.

[Retracted] Stanniocalcin 2 expression predicts poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.

Associations Between Childhood ADHD and Lifestyle Risk Factors for Chronic Diseases From Adolescence to Early Adulthood.

Objective: To examine the association between childhood ADHD and lifestyle risk factors (physical inactivity and high fast-food consumption) from adolescence to early adulthood.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used secondary data from Wave I to III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) in a national representative sample of adolescents ( = 6,814). Multivariable Poisson regression and Generalized Estimating Equation were used to estimate adjusted relative risks (aRRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), controlling for confounders.

Pharmacological Effects of a Ginseng-Containing Chinese Medicine Formula in Treating Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Comprehensive Bioinformatics and Experimental Validation.

Ginseng-containing Shentao Ruangan granules (STR) have been a well-known Chinese medicine prescription for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in China for decades. This study aimed to establish an experimental framework to decipher the underlying mechanism of STR in the treatment of HCC. Microarray analysis, network pharmacology, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), bioinformatics analysis, and and experiments were used as integrated approaches to uncover the effects and mechanisms of action of STR.

Generation of thiyl radicals in a spatiotemporal controlled manner by light: Applied for the cis to trans isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids/phospholipids.

Thiyl radicals are important reactive sulfur species and can cause cis to trans isomerization on unsaturated fatty acids. However, biocompatible strategies for the controlled generation of thiyl radicals are still lacking. In this work, we report the study of a series of naphthacyl-derived thioethers as photo-triggered thiyl radical precursors.

An explainable predictive model for anxiety symptoms risk among Chinese older adults with abdominal obesity using a machine learning and SHapley Additive exPlanations approach.

Background: Early detection of anxiety symptoms can support early intervention and may help reduce the burden of disease in later life in the elderly with abdominal obesity, thereby increasing the chances of healthy aging. The objective of this research is to formulate and validate a predictive model that forecasts the probability of developing anxiety symptoms in elderly Chinese individuals with abdominal obesity.

Method: This research's model development and internal validation encompassed 2,427 participants from the 2017-2018 Study of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS).

Supramolecular Peptide Depots for Glucose-Responsive Glucagon Delivery.

Precise blood glucose control continues to be a critical challenge in the treatment and management of type 1 diabetes in order to mitigate both acute and chronic complications. This study investigates the development of a supramolecular peptide amphiphile (PA) material functionalized with phenylboronic acid (PBA) for glucose-responsive glucagon delivery. The PA-PBA system self-assembles into nanofibrillar hydrogels in the presence of physiological glucose levels, resulting in stable hydrogels capable of releasing glucagon under hypoglycemic conditions.

Revealing the Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells in Burn Healing: A Deeper Understanding of the Therapeutic Mechanisms of Epidermal Stem Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Burns are a global public health issue and a major cause of disability and death around the world. Stem cells, which are the undifferentiated cells with the potential for indefinite proliferation and multilineage differentiation, have the ability to replace injured skin and facilitate the wound repair process through paracrine mechanisms. In light of this, the present study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis in order to identify research hotspots of stem cell-related burns and assess global research tendencies.

Development and Validation of Nomograms to Predict the Overall Survival and Progression-Free Survival in Patients with Advanced Unresectable Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and validate clinical nomograms for predicting progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in unresectable ICC patients.

Patients And Methods: Patients with ICC between 1 January 2018 and 31 May 2023 were selected and randomized into a training set and an internal validation set as a 7:3 ratio. Data analysis and modeling were conducted through R software.

Multi-omic integration with human DRG proteomics highlights TNFα signalling as a relevant sexually dimorphic pathway.

The peripheral nervous system has been widely implicated in pathological conditions that exhibit distinct clinical presentations in men and women, most notably in chronic pain disorders. Here, we explored this sexual dimorphism at a molecular level. We expanded the available omics landscape in the PNS to include quantitative proteomics of the human dorsal root ganglia (hDRG) and nerve.

An innovation bootcamp model for developing youth-led HIV self-testing delivery strategies in Nigeria: post-designathon capacity building.

Introduction: Many designathons, hackathons, and similar participatory events suffer from minimal training and support after the events. Responding to this need, we organized a health innovation bootcamp: an intensive, team-based apprenticeship training with research and entrepreneurial rigor among young people in Nigeria to develop HIV self-testing (HIVST) delivery strategies for Nigerian youth. The purpose of this paper was to describe an innovation bootcamp that aimed to develop HIVST delivery strategies for Nigerian youth.

A Supramolecular-Quantum Dot System for Broad-Spectrum Detection of Fentanyl Analogs.

Synthetic opioids, especially fentanyl and its analogs, have created an epidemic of abuse and significantly increased overdose deaths in the United States. Current detection methods have drawbacks in their sensitivity, scalability, and portability that limit field-based application to promote public health and safety. The need to detect trace amounts of fentanyl in complex mixtures with other drugs or interferents, and the continued emergence of new fentanyl analogs, further complicates detection.