Efgartigimod treatment for therapy-refractory autoimmune encephalitis with coexistent NMDAR and LGI1 antibodies: a case report and literature review.

The Fc receptor (FcRn) inhibitors can ameliorate autoimmune conditions such as myasthenia gravis through a rapid and specific clearance of serum IgG levels, and they also have potential for future use in a wider variety of antibody-mediated autoimmune diseases. Some patients with therapy-refractory autoimmune encephalitis (AE) continue to be unresponsive to initial and secondary treatment regimens. A 32-year-old male presented with predominant psychiatric symptoms and seizures, along with imaging evidence indicating multifocal cerebral cortical involvement.

A recurrence model for non-puerperal mastitis patients based on machine learning.

Objective: Non-puerperal mastitis (NPM) is an inflammatory breast disease affecting women during non-lactation periods, and it is prone to relapse after being cured. Accurate prediction of its recurrence is crucial for personalized adjuvant therapy, and pathological examination is the primary basis for the classification, diagnosis, and confirmation of non-puerperal mastitis. Currently, there is a lack of recurrence models for non-puerperal mastitis.

Infection with SARS-CoV-2 during the first trimester did not adversely impact perinatal and obstetric outcomes subsequent to in vitro fertilization with frozen embryo transfer: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: To investigate the impact of first-trimester COVID-19 infection on the perinatal and obstetric outcomes following in vitro fertilization-frozen embryo transfer.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at a university-affiliated IVF center. The infection group included women who contracted SARS-CoV-2 during the first trimester following frozen embryo transfer in China's initial pandemic wave that occurred from 7 December 2022 to 7 January 2023.

Study on Immune-Related Genes and Clinical Validation of Acute Myocardial Infarction Based on Bioinformatics.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a cardiovascular disease featuring the narrowing and hardening of coronary arteries triggered by a combination of factors, which ultimately leads to the death of heart muscle. We retrieved the GSE109048 and GSE123342 datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. After integrating these datasets, we selected 154 module key genes with the help of weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA).

Comprehensive investigation of matrix metalloproteinases in skin cutaneous melanoma: diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic insights.

The dysregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) represents a critical aspect of tumorigenesis. In this study, we investigated the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic aspects of the MMPs in SKCM. Thirteen SKCM cell lines and seven normal skin cell lines were cultured under standard conditions for experimental analyses.

Extraction of coronary thrombus-derived exosomes from patients with acute myocardial infarction and its effect on the function of adventitial cells.

Background: Type I acute myocardial infarction (T1MI) has a very high morbidity and mortality rate. The role of thrombus-derived exosomes (TEs) in T1MI is unclear.

Methods: The objective of this study was to identify the optimal thrombolytic drug and concentration for extracting TEs.

A human oral commensal-mediated protection against Sjögren's syndrome with maintenance of T cell immune homeostasis and improved oral microbiota.

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a prevalent systemic autoimmune disease with substantial impacts on women's health worldwide. Although oral Haemophilus parainfluenzae is reduced in SS, its significance remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the pathophysiological role of H.

Lerociclib plus fulvestrant in patients with HR+/HER2- locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer who have progressed on prior endocrine therapy: LEONARDA-1 a phase III randomized trial.

Lerociclib (GB491), a highly selective oral CDK4/6 inhibitor, has displayed anti-tumor activity and differentiated safety and tolerability profile in previous ph1/2 clinical trials. The LEONARDA-1, a randomized, double-blind, phase III study, was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lerociclib in HR+/HER2- locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer patients, who had relapsed or progressed on prior endocrine therapy. A total of 275 patients were randomized at 1:1 ratio to receive lerociclib (137 patients, 150 mg twice daily) or placebo (138 patients) plus fulvestrant.

A "hand-held" polarimeter for on-site chiral drug measurement and chemical reaction monitoring.

A polarimeter is a common but critical instrument for measuring the optical rotation of chiral compounds, ranging from the pharmaceutical to chemical industry, or even employed in monitoring chemical reactions for research purposes. Developing a portable polarimeter helps to transfer the measurements from the laboratory to on-site detection. Herein, we design a new portable polarimeter with a "hand-held" scale.

Efficient adsorption and detection of steroid hormones in foods through the combination of novel magnetic TAPB-COF materials with click isotope probes.

Matrix effects pose a significant challenge in food analysis for the quantitative analysis of complex food samples. Herein, a novel magnetic covalent organic framework nanocomposite and the copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) click reaction-based stable isotope labeling (SIL) method were presented for highly selective and sensitive detection of steroid hormones in food samples using HPLC-MS/MS. The nanocomposite, FeO@TAPB-COF, with a core-shell structure exhibited high adsorption capacities for steroid hormones.

Photodynamic therapy with photodegradable photosensitizers.

Photodegradable photosensitizers have gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential advantages in photodynamic therapy. By degrading upon light exposure, these photosensitizers reduce post-treatment drug residues, minimize toxicity, and enhance the safety and precision of therapy. This review provides an overview of the design and current applications of photodegradable photosensitizers, addressing challenges related to light absorption efficiency, toxicity of degradation products, and tissue penetration.

Optimizing the electronic synergy of atomically dispersed dual-metal sites for high-efficiency oxygen evolution/reduction reaction.

We reported an exogenous nitrogen-doped method to synthesize a bifunctional electrocatalyst with oxygen reduction and evolution reaction activity. This electrocatalyst displays excellent ORR ( = 0.9 V RHE) and OER (potential = 1.

Development and current status of anti-reflux esophagogastrostomy after proximal gastrectomy: a literature review.

Background: The selection of an appropriate gastrointestinal (GI) reconstruction procedure after proximal gastrectomy (PG) has long been a challenge. Surgeons have had a long history of exploring anti-reflux gastroesophageal anastomosis. The aim of this article is to systematically summarize the anti-reflux principles of GI reconstructive procedures through a review of the previous literature and to provide a theoretical basis for clinicians to select or innovate procedures.

Maternal ELL3 loss-of-function leads to oocyte aneuploidy and early miscarriage.

Up to an estimated 10% of women experience miscarriage in their lifetimes. Embryonic aneuploidy is a leading cause for miscarriage, infertility and congenital defects. Here we identify variants of ELL3, a gene encoding a transcription elongation factor, in couples who experienced consecutive early miscarriages due to embryonic aneuploidy.

Synthetic photorespiratory bypass improves rice productivity by enhancing photosynthesis and nitrogen uptake.

Photorespiration, often considered as a wasteful process, is a key target for bioengineering to improve crop yields. Several photorespiratory bypasses have been designed to efficiently metabolize 2-phosphoglycolate and increase the CO2 concentration in chloroplasts, thereby reducing photorespiration. However, the suppression of primary nitrate assimilation remains an issue when photorespiration is inhibited.

GILT stabilizes cofilin to promote the metastasis of prostate cancer.

Gamma-interferon-induced lysosomal thiol reductase (GILT), known for catalyzing disulfide bond reduction, is involved in various physiological processes. While the involvement of GILT in the development of various tumors has been demonstrated, the mechanisms underlying its regulation in prostate cancer (PCa) are not fully understood. In the present study, we confirmed that GILT was significantly upregulated in PCa and facilitated tumor metastasis.

Treadmill Exercise Mitigates Alzheimer's Pathology by Modulating Glial Polarization and Reducing Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell Perivascular Clustering.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the pathological responses of glial cells at different distances from amyloid plaques and the characteristics of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) in perivascular clustering. Additionally, it sought to explore the impact of exercise training on AD pathology, specifically focusing on the modulation of glial responses and the effects of OPC perivascular clustering.

Methods: Three-month-old C57BL/6 and APP/PS1 mice were divided into four groups: wild-type sedentary, wild-type exercise, sedentary AD, and exercise AD groups.

scGO: interpretable deep neural network for cell status annotation and disease diagnosis.

Machine learning has emerged as a transformative tool for elucidating cellular heterogeneity in single-cell RNA sequencing. However, a significant challenge lies in the "black box" nature of deep learning models, which obscures the decision-making process and limits interpretability in cell status annotation. In this study, we introduced scGO, a Gene Ontology (GO)-inspired deep learning framework designed to provide interpretable cell status annotation for scRNA-seq data.

Enhanced neurogenesis after ischemic stroke: the interplay between endogenous and exogenous stem cells.

Ischemic stroke is a significant global health crisis, frequently resulting in disability or death, with limited therapeutic interventions available. Although various intrinsic reparative processes are initiated within the ischemic brain, these mechanisms are often insufficient to restore neuronal functionality. This has led to intensive investigation into the use of exogenous stem cells as a potential therapeutic option.

Phase I study of CD19 CAR T-cell therapy harboring a fully human scFv in CAR-naïve adult B-ALL patients.

CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor-engineered (CD19 CAR) T-cell therapy elicits high response rates but fails to induce durable responses in most adults with relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). In a previous clinical trial (NCT01865617), we observed anti-CAR immune responses associated with impaired in vivo CAR T-cell expansion after second infusions. Because these CD8+ T-cell responses were predominantly directed at peptides derived from the murine single chain variable fragment (scFv) in the CAR, we conducted a clinical trial investigating the safety and efficacy of CD19 CAR T-cells engineered with a CAR incorporating a fully human scFv (JCAR021) in adults with R/R B-ALL (NCT03103971).

The FBXO45-GEF-H1 axis controls germinal center formation and B-cell lymphomagenesis.

The role of ubiquitin-mediated degradation mechanisms in the pathogenesis of diffuse large B cell (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL) is not completely understood. We show that conditional deletion of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Fbxo45 in germinal center B-cells results in B-cell lymphomagenesis in homozygous (100%) and heterozygous (48%) mice. Mechanistically, FBXO45 targets the RHO guanine exchange factor ARHGEF2/GEF-H1 for ubiquitin-mediated degradation.

Hypoxia-triggered ERRα acetylation enhanced its oncogenic role and promoted progression of renal cell carcinoma by coordinating autophagosome-lysosome fusion.

Estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) is dysregulated in many types of cancer and exhibits oncogenic activity by promoting tumorigenesis and metastasis of cancer cells. However, its defined role in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not been fully elucidated. To reveal the biological function of ERRα and determine the underlying regulatory mechanism in RCC, the quantitative proteomics analysis and mechanism investigation were conducted.

Application of advanced quantum dots in perovskite solar cells: synthesis, characterization, mechanism, and performance enhancement.

Quantum dots have garnered significant interest in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) due to their stable chemical properties, high carrier mobility, and unique features such as multiple exciton generation and excellent optoelectronic characteristics resulting from quantum confinement effects. This review explores quantum dot properties and their applications in photoelectronic devices, including their synthesis and deposition processes. This sets the stage for discussing their diverse roles in the carrier transport, absorber, and interfacial layers of PSCs.

Prevalence of osteoporosis and associated factors among Chinese adults: a systematic review and modelling study.

Background: Osteoporosis is a degenerative disease of bone metabolism. The epidemiology of osteoporosis varies by age, sex, and geography. There is a lack of information on the prevalence of osteoporosis among Chinese adults.