COVID-19 Pandemic and its Impact on Vaccine Hesitancy: A Review.

Vaccination is one of the most successful public health initiatives in human history, significantly reducing the incidence and severity of infectious diseases. The success of any vaccination program depends on several factors, including effective leadership, funding, distribution management, and addressing vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy, the delay or refusal to be vaccinated despite the availability of immunization services, has always been prevalent in societies but has become more pronounced during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Enhancing Perioperative Outcomes of Pancreatic Surgery with Wearable Augmented Reality Assistance System: A Matched-Pair Analysis.

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the safety of the first wearable augmented reality assistance system (ARAS) specifically designed for pancreatic surgery and its impact on perioperative outcomes.

Background: Pancreatic surgery remains highly complex and is associated with a high rate of perioperative complications. ARAS, as an intraoperative assistance system, has the potential to reduce these complications.

Household resilience of women migrant worker sellers of Jamu Gendong.

Background: The selling of Jamu Gendong (an Indonesian traditional herbal medicine), is closely associated with the informal work of women who migrate to different regions. In Sukoharjo Regency and Wonogiri Regency, Central Java Province, the pressing need to meet household necessities in their places of origin compels women to assume the role of breadwinners. Therefore, this research aimed to identify the livelihood capital and resilience of migrant women selling jamu gendong.

Surgeon Gender and Early Complications in Elective Surgery: A Systematic Review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To examine the association between surgeon gender and early postoperative complications, including 30-day death and readmission, in elective surgery.

Background: Variations between male and female surgeon practice patterns may be a source of bias and gender inequality in the surgical field, perhaps impacting quality of care. However, there are limited and conflicting studies regarding the association between surgeon gender and postoperative outcomes.

Driving forces of continuing evolution of rotaviruses.

Rotaviruses are non-enveloped double-stranded RNA virus that causes acute diarrheal diseases in children (< 5 years). More than 90% of the global rotavirus infection in humans was caused by Rotavirus group A. Rotavirus infection has caused more than 200000 deaths annually and predominantly occurs in the low-income countries.

Technical aspects and learning curve of complex laparoscopic hepatectomy: how we do it.

Introduction: Laparoscopic liver surgery has advanced significantly, offering benefits, such as reduced intraoperative complications and quicker recovery. However, complex laparoscopic hepatectomy (CLH) is technically demanding, requiring skilled surgeons. This study aims to share technical aspects, insightful tips, and outcomes of CLH at our center, focusing on the safety and learning curve.

Correlation between circulating fibrosis biomarkers with left atrial function and left atrial volume index in rheumatic mitral stenosis.

Mitral stenosis is the most common rheumatic heart disease (RHD) disorder worldwide, including in Indonesia. This pathological condition causes left atrial pressure, leading to left atrial fibrosis that affects the structure and function of the left atrial as well as the clinical condition. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between circulating fibrosis biomarkers with net atrioventricular compliance (Cn) as a parameter of left atrial function, and left atrial volume index (LAVI) as a parameter left atrium structure of changes.

Effectiveness of community-based diabetes and hypertension prevention and management programmes in Indonesia and Viet Nam: a quasi-experimental study.

Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have surpassed infectious diseases as the leading global cause of death, with the Southeast Asian region experiencing a significant rise in NCD prevalence over the past decades. Despite the escalating burden, screening for NCDs remains at very low levels, resulting in undetected cases, premature mortality and high public healthcare costs. We investigate whether community-based NCD prevention and management programmes are an effective solution.

Differences in knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding hypertension by access to a community-based screening program (POSBINDU): A cross-sectional study from four districts in Indonesia.

Background: A high prevalence of hypertension is found in Low- and Middle-income Countries (LMICs) including in Indonesia. However, hypertension awareness, treatment, and control are relativity poor. A community-based program to screen and educate people on non-communicable disease prevention (POSBINDU) was launched by the Indonesian government.

Effect of Dapagliflozin on Patients with Rheumatic Heart Disease Mitral Stenosis.

(1) Background: Mitral stenosis is the most common rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Inflammation and fibrosis are the primary pathophysiology, resulting in left atrial stress and dysfunction. Dapagliflozin is a new heart failure treatment with anti-inflammation and anti-fibrosis effects from previous studies.

The role of CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+ and neutrophile to lymphocyte ratio in predicting and determining COVID-19 severity in Indonesian patients.

Background: Biomarkers that are cost-effective and accurate for predicting severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are urgently needed. We would like to assess the role of various inflammatory biomarkers on admission as disease severity predictors and determine the optimal cut-off of the neutrophile-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for predicting severe COVID-19.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in six hospitals in Bali and recruited real-time PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients aged >18 y from June to August 2020.

Bacterial Metal-Scavengers Newly Isolated from Indonesian Gold Mine-Impacted Area: Bacillus altitudinis MIM12 as Novel Tools for Bio-Transformation of Mercury.

Selikat river, located in the north part of Bengkulu Province, Indonesia, has critical environmental and ecological issues of contamination by mercury due to artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASGM) activities. The present study focused on the identification and bioremediation efficiency of the mercury-resistant bacteria (MRB) isolated from ASGM-impacted areas in Lebong Tambang village, Bengkulu Province, and analyzed their merA gene function in transforming Hg to Hg. Thirty-four MRB isolates were isolated, and four out of the 34 isolates exhibited not only the highest degree of resistance to Hg (up to 200 ppm) but also to cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb).

Association between carotid intima media thickness and acute ischemic stroke at an Indonesian tertiary referral hospital.

Objectives: A high prevalence of tobacco smoking contributes to a high incidence of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in Indonesia. Large-artery atherosclerosis is known to be a significant cause of AIS. The present study was aimed at evaluating the association between AIS and atherosclerosis on the basis of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) measurements in a tertiary care hospital in Indonesia.

The recent re-emergence of human monkeypox: Would it become endemic beyond Africa?

Viral outbreaks still become global health challenges, for instance, influenza A viruses, Japanese encephalitis, Ebola virus, Yellow fever, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since 7 May 2022, another outbreak of monkeypox also has been reported in European countries and the United States. Meanwhile, the monkeypox virus is previously endemic only in the western and central parts of Africa.

Potential and challenges for an integrated management of tuberculosis, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension: A scoping review protocol.

In many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the epidemiological transition is characterized by an increased burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and the persistent challenge of infectious diseases. The transmission of tuberculosis, one of the leading infectious diseases, can be halted through active screening of risk groups and early case findings. Studies have reported comorbidities between tuberculosis (TB) and NCDs, which necessitates the development of an integrated disease management model.

Determinants of socioeconomic and rural-urban disparities in stunting: evidence from Indonesia.

Introduction: Stunting continues to be a prominent health problem in Indonesia. Stunting prevalence is higher in children from poor families or living in rural areas; however, there has been a lack of information on predictors of stunting disparities and stunting risk factors by socioeconomic status (SES) and location of residence (rural or urban). This study aims to examine the factors associated with stunting by SES and rural-urban status, and to assess determinants of stunting disparities by SES and rural-urban status in Indonesia.

Missed opportunities in hypertension risk factors screening in Indonesia: a mixed-methods evaluation of integrated health post (POSBINDU) implementation.

Objectives: To assess the implementation and contextual barriers of POSBINDU, a community-based activity focusing on screening of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), mainly hypertension and diabetes, in Indonesia.

Design: This was a concurrent mixed-methods study, with a cross-sectional analysis of secondary data and focus group discussions (FGDs) on stakeholder of POSBINDU.

Setting: The study was conducted in seven districts in three provinces in Indonesia, with approximately 50% of the primary healthcare (PHC) were selected as areas for data collection (n PHC=100).

Beyond personal factors: Multilevel determinants of childhood stunting in Indonesia.

Background: Stunting is still a major public health problem in low- and middle-income countries, including Indonesia. Previous studies have reported the complexities associated with understanding the determinants of stunting. This study aimed to examine the household-, subdistrict- and province-level determinants of stunting in Indonesia using a multilevel hierarchical mixed effects model.

Metal concentrations and potential health risk in clam (Meretrix lyrata Sowerby 1851) tissues from East Java Coast, Indonesia.

The presence of Hg, Cu, Cr, Cd, Pb, and Zn in clam (Meretrix lyrata) from the East Java Coast (EJC), Indonesia, is reported in this study. Metal levels in clam whole tissues were Zn > Cu > Cr > Pb > Cd > Hg. Cr, Cd, and Pb levels in clam tissue surpassed the tolerated limit for eating and the provisional acceptable weekly intake (PTWI) at numerous places along the EJC.

Core health-components, contextual factors and program elements of community-based interventions in Southeast Asia - a realist synthesis regarding hypertension and diabetes.

Background: In Southeast Asia, diabetes and hypertension are on the rise and have become major causes of death. Community-based interventions can achieve the required behavioural change for better prevention. The aims of this review are 1) to assess the core health-components of community-based interventions and 2) to assess which contextual factors and program elements affect their impact in Southeast Asia.

GC-MS- and NMR-Based Metabolomics and Molecular Docking Reveal the Potential Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Jack Leaves.

Jack leaf, known in Indonesia as "daun salung", is traditionally used for the treatment of diabetes and other diseases. Despite its potential, the phytochemical study related to its anti-diabetic activity is still lacking. Thus, this study aimed to identify putative inhibitors of α-glucosidase, a prominent enzyme contributing to diabetes type 2 in leaf extract using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)- and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics, and to investigate the molecular interaction between those inhibitors and the enzyme through in silico approach.