Regulation of the phenolic release and conversion in oats (Avena sativa L.) by co-microbiological fermentation with Monascus anka, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis.

Microbial fermentation is an effective method to improve the functional activity of oats (Avena sativa L.), while there are some limitations to the advantages of single microbial fermentation. In this study, a microbial co-culture fermentation system with Monascus anka, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis to release and conversion oat phenolics was established.

Raman spectroscopy for cell analysis: Retrospect and prospect.

Cell analysis is crucial to contemporary biomedical research, as it plays a pivotal role in elucidating life processes and advancing disease diagnosis and treatment. Raman spectroscopy, harnessing distinctive molecular vibrational data, provides a non-destructive method for cell analysis. This review surveys the progress of Raman spectroscopy in cellular analysis, emphasizing its utility in identifying individual cells, monitoring biomolecules, and assessing intracellular environments.

Genetic insights into blood protein correlations with colorectal cancer: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Several blood proteins might be associated with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC), but many studies on this topic are often biased. By using genetic variation data, which is less influenced by environmental factors, we can better determine the causal relationship between specific blood proteins and the occurrence of colorectal cancer.

Methods: Data from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on blood proteins, encompassing 1,478 proteins, and colorectal cancer (CRC) GWAS data, covering 637,693 subjects, were collected and organized.

Effects of Bacillus coagulans on kidney injury caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae in rabbits.

Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is a zoonotic conditionally pathogenic bacterium with a high prevalence of infection. It often induces purulent inflammation of the rabbit lungs, kidneys and other tissues, with high morbidity and mortality. Bacillus coagulans (BC) has the ability to regulate the balance of host intestinal flora and improve host immunity.

Inferiority feelings mediate the impact of subjective social support on anxiety/depression symptoms in individuals with physical disabilities.

Background: Persons with physical disabilities are more likely to suffer from psychological symptoms and inferiority feelings, and social support plays an important role in improving those symptoms. However, the interaction between psychological symptoms, inferiority feelings and social support is yet to be understood.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate anxiety, depression, and inferiority feelings among individuals with physical disabilities in a Chinese sample.

Groundcover improves nutrition and growth of citrus trees and reduces water runoff, soil erosion and nutrient loss on sloping farmland.

Introduction: Groundcover management plays a crucial role in improving water retention and soil nutrition in orchard systems, thereby preventing environmental constrains by non-point source pollution. However, effectiveness of groundcover management in citrus orchards developed on sloping farmland with eroded purple soil has not been studied in detail. In particular, information on the soil nutrient losses, , nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), through interflow and its effects on growth and nutrition of citrus plants has not been reported.

Kaempferol attenuates hyperuricemia combined with gouty arthritis via urate transporters and NLRP3/NF-κB pathway modulation.

Hyperuricemia (HUA), caused by purine disorders, can lead to gouty arthritis (GA). Kaempferol (KPF), a natural flavonoid, has anti-inflammatory properties, though its mechanism in treating HUA combined with GA remains unclear. This study used a mouse model of HUA combined with GA and models with HK-2 and THP-1 cells to explore KPF's effects.

Response of the photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant system of to the changes of underground brine depth.

Introduction: Water and salt conditions are key factors influencing vegetation growth on shell island in the Yellow River Delta. However, the effects of the depth of underground brine on the photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant system of halophytes remain unclear.

Methods: The laboratory simulation experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of the changes of underground brine depth on using four levels of groundwater: 0 cm, 15 cm, 30 cm and 45 cm.

Durable Organic Coating-Free Superhydrophobic Metal Surface by Paracrystalline State Formation.

The chemical instability of traditional organically-decorated superhydrophobic metal surfaces is a significant issue, severely limiting practical applications. This is due to the susceptibility of low surface energy coatings to ion permeation, decomposition, and exfoliation, especially in harsh environments. Here, organic coating-free, durable superhydrophobic surfaces on Al alloys by developing the paracrystalline state of a bionic anthill tribe structure is successfully achieved, using femtosecond laser element-doping microstructuring followed by repetitive annealing processes.

A multidimensional analysis of the impact of obesity on immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy efficacy.

Background: Obesity is a well-known risk factor for developing malignant tumors and promoting tumor cell growth and spread. However, recent studies have shown that obese cancer patients, who typically have a worse prognosis than nonobese cancer patients, show a significant improvement in survival after receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. This phenomenon is known as the "obesity paradox".

Protective and Detoxifying Effects of Resveratrol on Zearalenone-Mediated Toxicity: A Review.

Zearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium spp. fungi and is widely found in moldy corn, wheat, barley, and other grains. ZEA is distributed to the whole body via blood circulation after metabolic transformation in animals.

Long Non-coding RNA FOXD2-AS1 Silencing Inhibits Malignant Behaviors of Ovarian Cancer Cells Via miR-324-3p/SOX4 Signaling Axis.

It is urgent to develop new therapeutic strategies for ovarian cancer (OC). Long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have participated in multiple biological processes including tumor recurrence and progression. This study aimed to determine the effects and potential regulatory mechanism of lncRNA FOXD2-AS1 in OC progression.

Growth Modulation of High-Entropy Alloys for Electrocatalytic Methanol Oxidation Reaction.

High-entropy alloy (HEA) electrocatalysts have exhibited remarkable catalytic performance because of their synergistic interactions among multiple metals. However, the growth mechanism of HEAs remains elusive, primarily due to the constraints imposed by the current synthesis methodologies for HEAs. In this work, an innovative electrodeposition method was developed to fabricate Pt-based nanocomposites (PtBiCoCuNi/CC), comprising HEA nanosheets and carbon cloths (CCs).

Post-Treatment Experiences of Reproductive Concerns Among Young Breast Cancer Survivors: A Descriptive Phenomenological Study.

Purpose: The long-term fertility impact of cancer treatments is a significant concern for young breast cancer survivors. These reproductive concerns often become a persistent source of stress, negatively affecting their quality of life. This study aims to explore the reproductive concerns experienced by young breast cancer survivors post-treatment and the factors influencing their perceptions.

Rethinking livestock encroachment at a protected area boundary.

The presence of livestock inside protected areas, or "livestock encroachment," is a global conservation concern because livestock is broadly thought to negatively affect wildlife. The Maasai Mara National Reserve (MMNR), Kenya, exemplifies this tension as livestock is believed to have resulted in the declining wildlife populations, contributing to the strict and sometimes violent exclusion measures targeting Maasai pastoralists. However, research embedded in the real-world setting that draws insights from the social-ecological contexts is lacking.

Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells enhance acellular nerve allografts to promote peripheral nerve regeneration by facilitating angiogenesis.

Previous research has demonstrated the feasibility of repairing nerve defects through acellular allogeneic nerve grafting with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. However, adult tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells encounter various obstacles, including limited tissue sources, invasive acquisition methods, cellular heterogeneity, purification challenges, cellular senescence, and diminished pluripotency and proliferation over successive passages. In this study, we used induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells, known for their self-renewal capacity, multilineage differentiation potential, and immunomodulatory characteristics.

Tudor-SN exacerbates pathological vascular remodeling by promoting the polyubiquitination of PTEN via NEDD4-1.

Background: Dysregulation of vascular homeostasis can induce cardiovascular diseases and increase global mortality rates. Although lineage tracing studies have confirmed the pivotal role of modulated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the progression of pathological vascular remodeling, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear.

Methods: The expression of Tudor-SN was determined in VSMCs of artery stenosis, PDGF-BB-treated VSMCs and atherosclerotic plaque.

Aggregation-induced emission: Application in diagnosis and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a serious health issue due to its low early diagnosis rate, resistance to chemotherapy, and poor five-year survival rate. Therefore, it is crucial to explore novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches tailored to the characteristics of HCC. Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) is a phenomenon where the luminescence of certain molecules, typically non-luminescent or weakly luminescent in solution, is significantly enhanced upon aggregation.