Moderating effects of demographic characteristics on the relationship between parenting practices and energy balance related behaviors of Chinese preschoolers.

Background: Early establishment of energy balance related behaviors (EBRBs) may be effective in combating unhealthy lifestyle in preschoolers. Parents are responsible for cultivating preschoolers' EBRBs directly through parenting practices. Although investigating the impact of various parenting practices on preschoolers' EBRBs is crucial to determine which practices should be recommended to parents to help reverse childhood unhealthy lifestyle, it is important to assess whether these effects of parenting practices on preschoolers' EBRBs would be similar across different groups of preschoolers, necessitating research into the moderating effects of demographic characteristics.

AIE-active Circularly Polarized Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters for Stable Solution-Processed Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence.

Circularly polarized organic light-emitting diodes (CP-OLEDs) have significant promise for naked-eye 3D displays. However, most devices are fabricated using vacuum deposition technology, and development of efficient solution-processed CP-OLEDs, particularly those exhibiting low efficiency roll-off, remains a formidable challenge. This research successfully designed and synthesized two pairs of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) enantiomers through isomer engineering, namely (R/S)-N-5-TPA and (R/S)-N-4-TPA, which features fifth and fourth substitution sites of phthalimide (acceptor) by tri-phenylamine (donor), respectively.

Effects of long-term fertilizer practices on rhizosphere soil ammonia oxidizer community structure under the double-cropping rice field.

Ammonia oxidation plays a vital role in regulating soil nitrogen (N) cycle in agricultural soil, which is significantly influenced by different fertilizer regimes. However, there is still need to further investigate the effects of different fertilizer managements on rhizosphere soil ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) community in the double-cropping rice field. Therefore, the effects of different long-term (37 years) fertilizer managements on rhizosphere soil potential nitrification activity (PNA), AOA and AOB community structure, and its relationship under the double-cropping rice system in southern of China were studied in the present paper.

Can climate literacy decrease the gap between pro-environmental intention and behaviour?

Given the increasing intensity of climate change, members of the public perceive its occurrence and participate in pro-environmental behaviours (PEBs) that are expected to alleviate severe climate situations. Related scholarship has paid much attention to how determining factors affect public actions and proven the gaps between pro-environmental behavioural intentions (PEBIs) and PEBs, but little research has focused on strategies to bridge the intention-behaviour gap. Hence, this study explores the influence of climate change perception (CCP) on PEBs and the role of climate literacy (CL) in addressing the gap.

Hydrogen gas inhalation prior to high-intensity training reduces attenuation of nitric oxide bioavailability in male rugby players.

Background: Inhalation of hydrogen gas (H) as an antioxidant supplement may alleviate exercise-induced oxidative damage and protect post-exercise hydrogen peroxide signaling, which may help mediate beneficial exercise adaptation. The aims of this study were to determine the effects of H inhalation on plasma nitric oxide (NO) level and its synthesis precursor in professional athletes.

Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial was conducted with professional male rugby players for 3 weeks.

NCAM1 modulates the proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells in pulmonary hypertension.

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a malignant vascular disease characterized by pulmonary arterial remodeling. Neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1) is a cell surface glycoprotein that is involved in a variety of diseases, including cardiovascular disease. However, the role of NCAM1 in PH remains underexplored.

An agile multimodal microrobot with architected passively morphing wheels.

Multimodal microrobots are of growing interest due to their capabilities to navigate diverse terrains, with promising applications in inspection, exploration, and biomedicine. Despite remarkable progress, it remains challenging to combine the attributes of excellent maneuverability, low power consumption, and high robustness in a single multimodal microrobot. We propose an architected design of a passively morphing wheel that can be stabilized at distinct geometric configurations, relying on asymmetric bending stiffness of bioinspired tentacle structures.

Silk Flocked Flexible Sensor Capable of Wide-Range and Sensitive Pressure Perception.

In recent years, there have been advancements in high-performance soft sensors with simultaneous moderate sensitivity and wide linearity. However, it remains challenging to combine high-efficiency production and high performance for soft sensors. The skin and hair structure provide an elegantly simple sensing model, where hair acts as signal receptors and basal skin acts as signal processors.

All-Visible-Light-Activated Diarylethene Photoswitches.

Photochromic compounds have attracted much attention for their potential applications in photo-actuators, optoelectronic devices and optical recording techniques. This interest is driven by their key photochemical and photophysical properties, which can be reversibly modulated by light irradiation. Among them, diarylethene compounds have garnered extensive investigation due to their excellent thermal stability of both open- and closed-form isomers, robust fatigue resistance, high photocyclization quantum yield and good photochromic performance in both solution and solid phases.

Distinct effects of dilute acid prehydrolysate inhibitors on enzymatic hydrolysis and yeast fermentation.

The effects of dilute acid prehydrolysate from poplar were investigated and compared in the enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, and simultaneous saccharification fermentation (SSF) in this study. The improvement of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation with resin adsorption and surfactant addition has also been represented. A total of 16 phenolic alcohols, aldehydes, acids and 3 furan derivatives in the prehydrolysates were identified and quantified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).

Development of a nomogram-based model incorporating radiomic features from follow-up longitudinal lung CT images to distinguish invasive adenocarcinoma from benign lesions: a retrospective study.

Purpose: To develop and validate a radiomic model for differentiating pulmonary invasive adenocarcinomas from benign lesions based on follow-up longitudinal CT images.

Methods: This is a retrospective study including 336 patients (161 with invasive adenocarcinomas and 175 with benign lesions) who underwent baseline (T0) and follow-up (T1) CT scans from January 2016 to June 2022. The patients were randomized in a 7:3 ratio into training and test sets.

Abnormal changes in neuropsychological function, brain structure and cerebral perfusion in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms.

Background: Patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) often experience emotional changes and cognitive impairments. However, the specific mechanisms underlying these impairments are still not fully understood.

Methods: In the present study, voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and surface-based morphometry (SBM) were employed to investigate structural alterations in 49 patients diagnosed with UIAs compared with 50 healthy controls.

Dynamics of RNA localization to nuclear speckles are connected to splicing efficiency.

Nuclear speckles are nuclear membraneless organelles in higher eukaryotic cells playing a vital role in gene expression. Using an in situ reverse transcription-based sequencing method, we study nuclear speckle-associated human transcripts. Our data indicate the existence of three gene groups whose transcripts demonstrate different speckle localization properties: stably enriched in nuclear speckles, transiently enriched in speckles at the pre-messenger RNA stage, and not enriched.

Efficacy of medical education combined with extended care on adherence to inhaled glucocorticoids and clinical effects in patients with bronchial asthma.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of medical education combined with extended care in patients with bronchial asthma and its effect on adherence to inhaled glucocorticoids.

Methods: Ninety-eight patients with bronchial asthma were divided into the control group and the experimental group,  = 49, by utilizing the random number table method. The control group was given routine education and care as well as routine out-of-hospital instructions, and the experimental group was given medical education and extended care based on the control group.