Antibody-drug conjugates targeting SSEA-4 inhibits growth and migration of SSEA-4 positive breast cancer cells.

Although breast cancer treatment has evolved significantly in recent years, drug resistance remains a major challenge. To identify new targets for breast cancer, we found that stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA-4) is expressed in all subtypes of breast cancer cell lines, and the increased expression of the associated enzymes β3GalT5 and ST3Gal2 correlates with poor recurrence-free survival (RFS) in breast cancer. We also found that SSEA-4 antibodies can be rapidly internalized into breast cancer cells, a property that makes SSEA-4 an attractive target for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs).

Application of Monte Carlo simulation and artificial neural network model to probabilistic health risk assessment in fluoride-endemic areas.

Groundwater contamination with fluoride is a considerable public health concern that affects millions of people worldwide. The rapid growth of urbanization has led to increase in groundwater contamination. The health risk assessment focuses on both acute and chronic health consequences as it investigates the extent and effects of fluoride exposure through contaminated groundwater.

Model-free current control solution employing intelligent control for enhanced motor drive performance.

The study presents an intelligent, model-free current control strategy that eliminates the need for explicit plant models while efficiently reducing the effect of plant parameter perturbation. By employing a data-driven approach with fewer input features, the proposed scheme reduces the computational burden during training while maintaining high control performance. Unlike conventional model predictive current control (MPCC), which is computationally expensive because of solving optimization problems at each sample time, and requires precise plant models, the proposed method enhances system performance by addressing plant model discrepancies through data-driven techniques.

Highly selective and reusable nanoadsorbent based on FeO-embedded sodium alginate-based hydrogel for cationic dye adsorption: Adsorption interpretation using multiscale modeling.

This study aims to develop a stable and efficient magnetic nanocomposite hydrogel (MNCH) for selective removal of methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV). MNCHs with different FeO contents (0-9 wt%) were synthesized following graft co-polymerization method using sodium alginate, acrylamide, itaconic acid, ammonium persulfate and N,N-methylene bisacrylamide. Among them, MNCH, with 5 wt% FeO, showed highest removal efficiency (>95 %).

MXenes Spontaneously Form Active and Selective Single-Atom Centers under Anodic Polarization Conditions.

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have emerged as a new class of materials for the development of active and selective catalysts. These materials are commonly based on anchoring a noble transition metal to some kind of carrier. In the present work, we demonstrate that MXenes─two-dimensional materials with application in energy storage and conversion─spontaneously form SAC-like sites under anodic polarization conditions, using the applied electrode potential as a probe to form catalytically active surface sites reminiscent of a SAC-like structure.

VALIDITY OF LELLI'S TEST IN DIAGNOSING ACUTE ACL INJURY AND ITS COMPARISON WITH THE OTHER CONVENTIONAL CLINICAL EXAMS.

Background: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a vital structure in the knee responsible for preventing anterior translation; and countering rotational and valgus stress. The anteromedial and posterolateral bundles of the ACL, which are distinguished by their attachments at the tibia and femur, respectively, make up the ACL. The study is designed to evaluate the diagnostic parameters of lever sign in acute settings when compared against MRI as investigation of choice and compare them with the conventional tests.

Sublingual hematoma as a rare complication of warfarin therapy in a patient with rheumatic heart disease: a case report.

Introduction And Importance: Warfarin prevents thromboembolic events by acting as a vitamin-K antagonist. Close monitoring with an international normalized ratio (INR) is required to avoid bleeding-related complications. One of its rare complications is sublingual hematoma, with potentially life-threatening conditions such as severe airway obstruction.

Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis: a literature review and the advocacy for stem cell therapeutic interventions.

Congenital Insensitivity to Pain with Anhidrosis (CIPA) is a rare genetic disorder affecting the autonomic nervous system, leading to an inability to feel pain, temperature, or sweat1. This condition is caused by mutations in the NTRK1 gene, which encodes a receptor for nerve growth factor (NGF). The lack of NGF signaling results in the improper development and function of sensory and sympathetic neurons.

Renaissance of Chlorine Evolution Reaction: Emerging Theory and Catalytic Materials.

Chlorine (Cl) is one of the most important commodity chemicals that has found widespread utility in chemical industry. Most Cl is currently produced via the chlorine evolution reaction (CER) at the anode of chlor-alkali electrolyzers, for which platinum group-metal (PGM)-based mixed metal oxides (MMOs) have been used for more than half a century. However, MMOs suffer from the use of expensive and scarce PGMs and face selectivity problems due to the parasitic oxygen evolution reaction.

Geographical analysis of fluoride and nitrate and its probabilistic health risk assessment utilizing Monte Carlo simulation and GIS in potable water in rural areas of Mathura region, Uttar Pradesh, northern India.

Human health is being increasingly exposed to fluoride and nitrate ingestion globally due to anthropogenic alternations in groundwater resources. In the present research work, a hazard quotient (HQ), Monte Carlo simulation (MCS), and geographic information systems (GIS) have been used to estimate the non-carcinogenic health risk of nitrate and fluoride in vulnerable adults, teenagers, and children living in far-flung areas of Uttar Pradesh, Northern India. About 110 samples from some nearby populations were collected and analyzed for nitrates by ion chromatography and fluoride by a fluoride-selective electrode.

A Contemporary Review of Blood Transfusion in Critically Ill Patients.

Blood transfusion is a common therapeutic intervention in hospitalized patients. There are numerous indications for transfusion, including anemia and coagulopathy with deficiency of single or multiple coagulation components such as platelets or coagulation factors. Nevertheless, the practice of transfusion in critically ill patients has been controversial mainly due to a lack of evidence and the need to consider the appropriate clinical context for transfusion.

The independent association between 25 (OH) vitamin D deficiency, HOMA-IR, and lipid profile with APOE genotyping in obese cases with and without T2DM.

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and APOE genotyping are implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We wanted to find out if there was a link between a lack of 25(OH) vitamin D, HOMA-IR, and lipids and APOE genotyping in obese people with and without T2DM.

Methods: We divided 300 Egyptians of both sexes into three groups in a case-control study: 100 obese cases with a body mass index of more than 30, 100 obese cases diagnosed with T2DM, and 100 controls with a body mass index of less than 30.

Structure based screening and molecular docking with dynamic simulation of natural secondary metabolites to target RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of five different retroviruses.

Viral diseases pose a serious global health threat due to their rapid transmission and widespread impact. The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) participates in the synthesis, transcription, and replication of viral RNA in host. The current study investigates the antiviral potential of secondary metabolites particularly those derived from bacteria, fungi, and plants to develop novel medicines.

Near-infrared duocarmycin photorelease from a Treg-targeted antibody-drug conjugate improves efficacy of PD-1 blockade in syngeneic murine tumor models.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a crucial role in mediating immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, Tregs contribute to the lack of efficacy and hyperprogressive disease upon Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade immunotherapy. Thus, Tregs are considered a promising therapeutic target, especially when combined with PD-1 blockade.

Isolation, characterization and whole-genome analysis of G9 group a rotaviruses in China: Evidence for possible Porcine-Human interspecies transmission.

Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are major causes of severe gastroenteritis in infants and young animals. To enhance our understanding of the relationship between human and animals RVAs, complete genome data are necessary. We screened 92 intestinal and stool samples from diarrheic piglets by RT‒PCR targeting the VP6 gene, revealing a prevalence of 10.

Mastopexy for secretory carcinoma of breast in a young female: a case report.

Secretory carcinoma, a triple-negative benign tumor, is one of the rarest malignancies of the breast which rarely metastasizes. Surgical excision via lumpectomy or mastectomy is the mainstay of treatment, but in young patients, mastopexy can be a better option cosmetically. A 26-year-old woman presented with a lump in her right breast that, on ultrasonography, was revealed to be a multi lobulated solid lesion measuring 25 × 16 mm in the retro areolar region at a 4 o'clock position.

Social Isolation, Loneliness, and Cardiovascular Mortality: The Role of Health Care System Interventions.

Purpose Of Review: The world is proliferating rapidly, with science and technology advancing at an incredible rate. These advances have, however, ushered in an age with a rise in social isolation (SI) and loneliness. SI is an objective term that refers to lacking social contact or support.

The Safety and Efficacy of the Early Use of Sacubitril/Valsartan After Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a significant global cause of mortality, necessitating the exploration of innovative treatments against the condition. Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), and angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs) such as sacubitril/valsartan have demonstrated promise in managing acute heart failure (HF). However, despite favorable evidence from clinical trials for the use of sacubitril/valsartan in AMI, its overall efficacy remains a subject of debate.

Association Between Two Methods of Spinal and Pelvic Analysis Among Children With Cerebral Palsy.

Objectives: Children with cerebral palsy have weak muscles, which may impair postural adjustments. These postural adjustments are required for gait and dynamic balance during the daily living activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between Cobb's angle and Formetric 4D surface topography system in evaluating spinal and pelvic deformity in children with cerebral palsy.

Vertical dengue transmission complicated with neonatal encephalitis.

Vertical transmission of the dengue virus is rare and infrequently reported in the literature. We report the case of a term newborn presented with high-grade fever, generalised petechial rash and hepatomegaly at the age of 5 days, with a history of dengue fever in the mother at 3 days before delivery. The diagnosis was nearly missed because the infant's dengue NS1 antigen test was initially negative and subsequently positive.