Genome-wide comparative chromosome maps of Arvicola amphibius, Dicrostonyx torquatus, and Myodes rutilus.

The subfamily Arvicolinae consists of a great number of species with highly diversified karyotypes. In spite of the wide use of arvicolines in biological and medicine studies, the data on their karyotype structures are limited. Here, we made a set of painting probes from flow-sorted chromosomes of a male Palearctic collared lemming (Dicrostonyx torquatus, DTO).

[ANESTHESIA FOR AIRWAY ENDOSCOPIC RECANALISATION WITH SELFEXPANDED STENTS].

Unlabelled: Tracheal and bronchial endoscopic stenting can give a quick therapeutic result or delay surgiCal treatment of patients with stenosis. It also can improve quality of life, create conditions for palliative therapy and increase survival of incur- able oncological patients. This paper contains description of our experience in anesthesia for tracheal stenting with re- spiratory support.

Segmental paleotetraploidy revealed in sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) genome by chromosome painting.

Background: Acipenseriformes take a basal position among Actinopteri and demonstrate a striking ploidy variation among species. The sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus, Linnaeus, 1758; ARUT) is a diploid 120-chromosomal sturgeon distributed in Eurasian rivers from Danube to Enisey. Despite a high commercial value and a rapid population decline in the wild, many genomic characteristics of sterlet (as well as many other sturgeon species) have not been studied.

Prospects for using a full-scale installation for wet combustion of organic wastes in closed life support systems.

The issue of recycling organic wastes in closed life support systems (CLSS) includes both fundamental aspects of environmental safety of the recycled products and their effective involvement in material cycles and technical aspects related to the structure of the system and the crew's demands. This study estimates the effectiveness of wet combustion of different amounts of organic wastes in hydrogen peroxide under application of an alternating current electric field. The study also addresses the possibility of controlling the process automatically.

Integration of Switchable DNA-Based Hydrogels with Surfaces by the Hybridization Chain Reaction.

A novel method to assemble acrylamide/acrydite DNA copolymer hydrogels on surfaces, specifically gold-coated surfaces, is introduced. The method involves the synthesis of two different copolymer chains consisting of hairpin A, HA, modified acrylamide copolymer and hairpin B, HB, acrylamide copolymer. In the presence of a nucleic acid promoter monolayer associated with the surface, the hybridization chain reaction between the two hairpin-modified polymer chains is initiated, giving rise to the cross-opening of hairpins HA and HB and the formation of a cross-linked hydrogel on the surface.

Overview and assessment of the histochemical methods and reagents for the detection of β-galactosidase activity in transgenic animals.

Bacterial β-galactosidase is one of the most widely used reporter genes in experiments involving transgenic and knockout animals. In this review we discuss the current histochemical methods and available reagents to detect β-galactosidase activity. Different substrates are available, but the most commonly used is X-gal in combination with potassium ferri- and ferro-cyanide.

Bis(alkyl) rare-earth complexes supported by a new tridentate amidinate ligand with a pendant diphenylphosphine oxide group. Synthesis, structures and catalytic activity in isoprene polymerization.

A new tridentate amidine 2-[Ph2P(O)]C6H4NHC(tBu)[double bond, length as m-dash]N(2,6-Me2C6H3) (1) bearing a side chain pendant Ph2P[double bond, length as m-dash]O group was synthesized and proved to be a suitable ligand for coordination to rare-earths ions. Bis(alkyl) complexes {2-[Ph2P(O)]C6H4NC(tBu)N(2,6-Me2C6H3)}Ln(CH2SiMe3)2(THF)n (Ln = Y, n = 1 (3), Ln = Er, n = 1 (4), Ln = Lu, n = 0 (5)) were prepared using alkane elimination reactions of and Ln(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2 (Ln = Y, Er, Lu) in hexane and were isolated in 50, 70 and 75% yields respectively. The X-ray studies revealed that complexes 2-5 feature intramolecular coordination of P[double bond, length as m-dash]O groups to metal ions.

[Ancient DNA: Results and Prospects (the 30th Anniversary)].

Evolutionary genetics has reached a new level of research thanks to the opportunity to study the genomes of not only present-day but also of ancient organisms. The obtaining of reliable data when working with ancient DNA is possible only in the case of interdisciplinary collaboration between archaeologists, paleontologists, molecular geneticists, and bioinformaticians. Despite laborious and high-cost technologies, the results never cease to amaze and can not only fill the gaps in the knowledge of the evolutionary history of different species but can also review the existing ideas on population development and dynamics.

Acytota - associated kingdom of neglected life.

There is a huge variety of RNA- and DNA-containing entities that multiply within and propagate between cells across all kingdoms of life, having no cells of their own. Apart from cellular organisms, these entities (viroids, plasmids, mobile elements and viruses among others) are the only ones with distinct genetic identities but which are not included in any traditional tree of life. We suggest to introduce or, rather, revive the distinct category of acellular organisms, Acytota, as an additional, undeservedly ignored full-fledged kingdom of life.

[DYNAMICS OF APOPTOTIC MARKERS (INTERLEUKIN-2 AND TNF-α) IN THE BLOOD SERUM OF CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC GASTRODUODENITES].

Unlabelled: The aim was to investigate apoptotic dynamics by IL-2 and TNF-α levels in the blood serum of children with chronic gastroduodenites.

Materials And Methods: There were examined 90 children with chronic gastroduodenitis. Cytokine level in the serum was studied at admission and in dynamics.

An Organoytterbium(III) Complex Exhibiting Field-Induced Single-Ion-Magnet Behavior.

We present a new mononuclear half-sandwich complex, [Cp*Yb(DAD)(THF)]·C7H8 (1), based on a paramagnetic Yb(III) ion coordinated by diamagnetic Cp* and enediamido[2,6-Me2C6H3NCH═CHNC6H3Me2-2,6](2-) (DAD) ligands exhibiting field-induced single-ion-magnet behavior.

Sequence structure of Lowary/Widom clones forming strong nucleosomes.

Lowary and Widom selected from random sequences those which form exceptionally stable nucleosomes, including clone 601, the current champion of strong nucleosome (SN) sequences. This unique sequence database (LW sequences) carries sequence elements which confer stability on the nucleosomes formed on the sequences, and, thus, may serve as source of information on the structure of "ideal" or close to ideal nucleosome DNA sequence. An important clue is also provided by crystallographic study of Vasudevan and coauthors on clone 601 nucleosomes.

Nucleosome repeat lengths and columnar chromatin structure.

Thorough quantitative study of nucleosome repeat length (NRL) distributions, conducted in 1992 by J. Widom, resulted in a striking observation that the linker lengths between the nucleosomes are quantized. Comparison of the NRL average values with the MNase cut distances predicted from the hypothetical columnar structure of chromatin (this work) shows a close correspondence between the two.

The effects of the frequency and waveform of the activating current on physicochemical oxidation of organic wastes.

The study describes the process of organic waste mineralization in an H2O2 aqueous medium activated by alternating current, which is intended to enhance the cycling rates in closed life support systems (CLSS) for space missions. The focus of this study is the relationship between the energy consumption and duration of the process and oxidation level of organic wastes on the one hand and the frequency and waveform of the electric current activating H2O2 decomposition, on the other. Energy consumption and duration of the complete waste mineralization process have been reduced by about 17-18%.

New Activity of a Protein from Canavalia ensiformis.

Concanavalin A is a legume lectin which preferentially agglutinates transformed cells and shows antitumor effects on human breast carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. It is considered as a new potential antineoplastic agent targeting apoptosis, autophagy, and anti-angiogenesis in preclinical or clinical trials for cancer therapeutics, which has recently become the object of intensive study. In the present investigation, we show the capacity of the lectin to bind manganese, gold, iron, and zinc porphyrins: all potential anticancer agents.

Comparative Chromosome Painting and NOR Distribution Suggest a Complex Hybrid Origin of Triploid Lepidodactylus lugubris (Gekkonidae).

Parthenogenesis, unisexuality and triploidy are interesting but poorly studied phenomena occurring in some reptile species. The mourning gecko (Lepidodactylus lugubris) represents a complex of diploid and triploid parthenogenetic mostly all-female populations (males occur quite rarely) widely distributed in coastal areas of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Here, we study karyotypes of a male and two female L.

[The program of accelerated rehabilitation after esophagoplasty (fast track surgery) in esophageal cancer surgery].

Esophagectomy with simultaneous plasty in patient with esophageal cancer is still associated with a high incidence of postoperative complications and long-stay patient in the clinic. The purpose of our report is to inform the use of the program of accelerated rehabilitation after esophagectomy in a prospective study of 13 patients during the period from 2010 to 2011 year and the role of the anesthesiologist in its implementation. Methods aimed at the preoperative examination, minimally invasive surgery, thoracic epidural anesthesia/analgesia with local anesthetics as a component of anesthesia and postoperative analgesia, early extubation and mobilization of the patient with the implementation of breathing exercises, early enteral feeding, and the planned short postoperative stay in resuscitation and hospital were used.

A DJ-1 Based Peptide Attenuates Dopaminergic Degeneration in Mice Models of Parkinson's Disease via Enhancing Nrf2.

Drugs currently used for treating Parkinson's disease patients provide symptomatic relief without altering the neurodegenerative process. Our aim was to examine the possibility of using DJ-1 (PARK7), as a novel therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease. We designed a short peptide, named ND-13.

A First Generation Comparative Chromosome Map between Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) and Humans.

The domesticated guinea pig, Cavia porcellus (Hystricomorpha, Rodentia), is an important laboratory species and a model for a number of human diseases. Nevertheless, genomic tools for this species are lacking; even its karyotype is poorly characterized. The guinea pig belongs to Hystricomorpha, a widespread and important group of rodents; so far the chromosomes of guinea pigs have not been compared with that of other hystricomorph species or with any other mammals.

Comprehensive Analyses of White-Handed Gibbon Chromosomes Enables Access to 92 Evolutionary Conserved Breakpoints Compared to the Human Genome.

Gibbon species (Hylobatidae) impress with an unusually high number of numerical and structural chromosomal changes within the family itself as well as compared to other Hominoidea including humans. In former studies applying molecular cytogenetic methods, 86 evolutionary conserved breakpoints (ECBs) were reported in the white-handed gibbon (Hylobates lar, HLA) with respect to the human genome. To analyze those ECBs in more detail and also to achieve a better understanding of the fast karyotype evolution in Hylobatidae, molecular data for these regions are indispensably necessary.

G-Quadruplex-Stimulated Optical and Electrocatalytic DNA Switches.

The K(+) /18-crown-6-(or [2.2.2] cryptand)-stimulated formation and dissociation of G-quadruplex nanostructures lead to the cyclic and switchable photonic and electrocatalytic molecular devices.

Strong nucleosomes of yeasts.

Yeast genome lacks visibly periodic sequences characteristic of strong nucleosomes (SNs) originally discovered in A. thaliana, C. elegans, and H.

TA-periodic ("601"-like) centromeric nucleosomes of A. thaliana.

The bulk of strong nucleosomes (SNs, with visibly periodic DNA sequences) is described by consensus pattern of 5 or 6 base runs of purines alternating with similar runs of pyrimidines - RR/YY SNs. Yet, the strongest known nucleosome positioning sequence, the 601 clone of Lowary and Widom, is rather periodic repetition of TA dinucleotides following one another every 10 bases. We located "601"-like TA-periodic sequences in the genome of A.

Highly active, chemo- and regioselective Yb(II) and Sm(II) catalysts for the hydrophosphination of styrene with phenylphosphine.

Stable heteroleptic amido Yb(II) and Sm(II) complexes bearing aminoether-phenolate ligands and devoid of coordinated solvent have been structurally characterized. They afford highly active, chemoselective and, in the case of monoadditions, 100 % anti-Markovnikov regiospecific catalysts (down to 0.04 mol % loading) for the hydrophosphination of styrene with PhPH2 under mild conditions.