Torque Onset Angle of the Knee Extensor as a Predictor of Walking Related Balance in Stroke Patients.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the torque onset angle (TOA) of the isokinetic test for knee extensors in the paretic side and walking related balance in subacute stroke patients.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with first-ever strokes who have had at least two isokinetic tests within 6 months of onset. 102 patients satisfied the inclusion criteria.

Coiled-coil structure mediated inhibition of the cytotoxic huntingtin amyloid fibrils by an IP3 receptor fragment.

Disruption of cellular homeostasis by the aggregation of polyglutamine (polyQ) in the huntingtin protein (Htt) leads Huntington's disease (HD). Effective drugs for treating HD have not been developed, as the molecular mechanism underlying HD pathogenesis remains unclear. To develop strategies for inhibiting HD pathogenesis, the intermolecular interaction of Htt with IP3 receptor 1 (IP3R1) was investigated.

Effect of Low Frequency Cerebellar Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Balance Impairment in Patients With Cerebral Infarction.

Objective: To investigate the effect of low frequency cerebellar repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on balance impairment in patients with cerebral infarction.

Methods: Thirty-two patients were randomly divided into two groups: rTMS group (n=16) and control (n=16). In the rTMS group, treatment was performed five times per week for 2 weeks (10 sessions), and in the control group, a sham coil was used with the sound and sensation of scalp similar to the rTMS coil.

Effect of Antigravity Treadmill Gait Training on Gait Function and Fall Risk in Stroke Patients.

Objective: To investigate the effect of antigravity treadmill gait training (AGT) on gait function, balance, and fall risk in stroke patients.

Methods: This study included 30 patients with stroke (mean age, 73 years). All subjects were randomly divided into two groups.

Structural changes of antitoxin HigA from Shigella flexneri by binding of its cognate toxin HigB.

In toxin-antitoxin systems, many antitoxin proteins that neutralize their cognate toxin proteins also bind to DNA to repress transcription, and the DNA-binding affinity of the antitoxin is affected by its toxin. We solved crystal structures of the antitoxin HigA (apo-HigA) and its complex with the toxin HigB (HigBA) from Shigella flexneri. The apo-HigA shows a distinctive V-shaped homodimeric conformation with sequestered N-domains having a novel fold.

Wearable bio signal monitoring system applied to aviation safety.

Pilots are required to have the ability to evaluate their own physical and psychological status to operate high performance aircrafts effectively. Existing studies have lacked consideration of applying bio signal of pilots in real time flight situation. The purpose of this study is to develop a wearable bio signal monitoring system that can measure the condition of pilots under an extreme flight environment to ensure flight safety.

G-LOC Warning Algorithms Based on EMG Features of the Gastrocnemius Muscle.

Background: G-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC) is mainly caused by failure to sustain an oxygenated blood supply to the pilot's brain because of the sudden acceleration in the direction of the +Gz axis, and is considered a critical safety issue. The purpose of this study was to develop G-LOC warning algorithms based on monitoring electromyograms (EMG) of the gastrocnemius muscle on the calf.

Methods: EMG data was retrieved from a total of 67 pilots and pilot trainees of the Korean Air Force during high-G training on a human centrifugal simulator.

Detection of G-Induced Loss of Consciousness (G-LOC) prognosis through EMG monitoring on gastrocnemius muscle in flight.

G-Induced Loss of Consciousness (G-LOC) is mainly caused by the sudden acceleration in the direction of +Gz axis from the fighter pilots, and is considered as an emergent situation of which fighter pilots are constantly aware. In order to resist against G-LOC, fighter pilots are subject to run Anti-G straining maneuver (AGSM), which includes L-1 respiration maneuvering and muscular contraction of the whole body. The purpose of this study is to create a G-LOC warning alarm prior to G-LOC by monitoring the Electromyogram (EMG) of the gastrocnemius muscle on the calf, which goes under constant muscular contraction during the AGSM process.

Multi-sensor fusion with interacting multiple model filter for improved aircraft position accuracy.

The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has decided to adopt Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance/Air Traffic Management (CNS/ATM) as the 21st century standard for navigation. Accordingly, ICAO members have provided an impetus to develop related technology and build sufficient infrastructure. For aviation surveillance with CNS/ATM, Ground-Based Augmentation System (GBAS), Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B), multilateration (MLAT) and wide-area multilateration (WAM) systems are being established.